NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated Defense
Our previous research found that NSvc4, the movement protein of rice stripe virus (RSV), could localize to the actin filaments, endoplasmic reticulum, plasmodesmata, and chloroplast, but the roles of NSvc4 played in the chloroplast were opaque. Here, we confirm the accumulation of NSvc4 in the chlor...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/1/36 |
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| author | Zongdi Li Chenyang Li Shuai Fu Yu Liu Yi Xu Jianxiang Wu Yaqin Wang Xueping Zhou |
| author_facet | Zongdi Li Chenyang Li Shuai Fu Yu Liu Yi Xu Jianxiang Wu Yaqin Wang Xueping Zhou |
| author_sort | Zongdi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our previous research found that NSvc4, the movement protein of rice stripe virus (RSV), could localize to the actin filaments, endoplasmic reticulum, plasmodesmata, and chloroplast, but the roles of NSvc4 played in the chloroplast were opaque. Here, we confirm the accumulation of NSvc4 in the chloroplasts and the N-terminal 1–73 amino acids of NSvc4 are sufficient to localize to chloroplasts. We provide evidence to show that chloroplast-localized NSvc4 can impair the chloroplast-mediated immunity. Expressing NSvc4 in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> leaves results in the decreased expression of defense-related genes <i>NbPR1</i>, <i>NbPR2</i>, and <i>NbWRKY12</i> and the inhibition of chloroplast-derived ROS production. In addition, generation of an infectious clone of potato virus X (PVX) carrying NSvc4 facilitates PVX infection in <i>N. benthamiana</i> plants. Moreover, we identify two chloroplast-related host factors, named NbGAPDH-A and NbPsbQ1, both of which can interact with NSvc4. Knockdown of <i>NbGAPDH-A</i> or <i>NbPsbQ1</i> can both promote RSV infection. Our results decipher a detailed function of NSvc4 in the chloroplast. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:21:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d7d5dc585c545ec8bdb5b793c20165a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:21:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d7d5dc585c545ec8bdb5b793c20165a2023-11-23T15:41:07ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-12-011413610.3390/v14010036NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated DefenseZongdi Li0Chenyang Li1Shuai Fu2Yu Liu3Yi Xu4Jianxiang Wu5Yaqin Wang6Xueping Zhou7State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaOur previous research found that NSvc4, the movement protein of rice stripe virus (RSV), could localize to the actin filaments, endoplasmic reticulum, plasmodesmata, and chloroplast, but the roles of NSvc4 played in the chloroplast were opaque. Here, we confirm the accumulation of NSvc4 in the chloroplasts and the N-terminal 1–73 amino acids of NSvc4 are sufficient to localize to chloroplasts. We provide evidence to show that chloroplast-localized NSvc4 can impair the chloroplast-mediated immunity. Expressing NSvc4 in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> leaves results in the decreased expression of defense-related genes <i>NbPR1</i>, <i>NbPR2</i>, and <i>NbWRKY12</i> and the inhibition of chloroplast-derived ROS production. In addition, generation of an infectious clone of potato virus X (PVX) carrying NSvc4 facilitates PVX infection in <i>N. benthamiana</i> plants. Moreover, we identify two chloroplast-related host factors, named NbGAPDH-A and NbPsbQ1, both of which can interact with NSvc4. Knockdown of <i>NbGAPDH-A</i> or <i>NbPsbQ1</i> can both promote RSV infection. Our results decipher a detailed function of NSvc4 in the chloroplast.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/1/36rice stripe virusmovement proteinchloroplastdefensevirus–chloroplast interactionNbGAPDH-A |
| spellingShingle | Zongdi Li Chenyang Li Shuai Fu Yu Liu Yi Xu Jianxiang Wu Yaqin Wang Xueping Zhou NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated Defense Viruses rice stripe virus movement protein chloroplast defense virus–chloroplast interaction NbGAPDH-A |
| title | NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated Defense |
| title_full | NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated Defense |
| title_fullStr | NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated Defense |
| title_full_unstemmed | NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated Defense |
| title_short | NSvc4 Encoded by Rice Stripe Virus Targets Host Chloroplasts to Suppress Chloroplast-Mediated Defense |
| title_sort | nsvc4 encoded by rice stripe virus targets host chloroplasts to suppress chloroplast mediated defense |
| topic | rice stripe virus movement protein chloroplast defense virus–chloroplast interaction NbGAPDH-A |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/1/36 |
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