Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a Puzzle
Exosomes have been shown to act as mediators for cell to cell communication and as a potential source of biomarkers for many diseases, including prostate cancer. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles secreted by cells and consist of proteins normally found in multivesicular bodies, RNA, DNA and lipids. As...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2013-11-01
|
| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/5/4/1522 |
| _version_ | 1811153908683243520 |
|---|---|
| author | Colleen C. Nelson Carolina Soekmadji Pamela J. Russell |
| author_facet | Colleen C. Nelson Carolina Soekmadji Pamela J. Russell |
| author_sort | Colleen C. Nelson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exosomes have been shown to act as mediators for cell to cell communication and as a potential source of biomarkers for many diseases, including prostate cancer. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles secreted by cells and consist of proteins normally found in multivesicular bodies, RNA, DNA and lipids. As a potential source of biomarkers, exosomes have attracted considerable attention, as their protein content resembles that of their cells of origin, even though it is noted that the proteins, miRNAs and lipids found in the exosomes are not a reflective stoichiometric sampling of the contents from the parent cells. While the biogenesis of exosomes in dendritic cells and platelets has been extensively characterized, much less is known about the biogenesis of exosomes in cancer cells. An understanding of the processes involved in prostate cancer will help to further elucidate the role of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer progression and metastasis. There are few methodologies available for general isolation of exosomes, however validation of those methodologies is necessary to study the role of exosomal-derived biomarkers in various diseases. In this review, we discuss “exosomes” as a member of the family of extracellular vesicles and their potential to provide candidate biomarkers for prostate cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:11:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2db1288ab431487794303bf43054e8d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:11:58Z |
| publishDate | 2013-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-2db1288ab431487794303bf43054e8d82023-09-02T23:02:57ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942013-11-01541522154410.3390/cancers5041522Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a PuzzleColleen C. NelsonCarolina SoekmadjiPamela J. RussellExosomes have been shown to act as mediators for cell to cell communication and as a potential source of biomarkers for many diseases, including prostate cancer. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles secreted by cells and consist of proteins normally found in multivesicular bodies, RNA, DNA and lipids. As a potential source of biomarkers, exosomes have attracted considerable attention, as their protein content resembles that of their cells of origin, even though it is noted that the proteins, miRNAs and lipids found in the exosomes are not a reflective stoichiometric sampling of the contents from the parent cells. While the biogenesis of exosomes in dendritic cells and platelets has been extensively characterized, much less is known about the biogenesis of exosomes in cancer cells. An understanding of the processes involved in prostate cancer will help to further elucidate the role of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer progression and metastasis. There are few methodologies available for general isolation of exosomes, however validation of those methodologies is necessary to study the role of exosomal-derived biomarkers in various diseases. In this review, we discuss “exosomes” as a member of the family of extracellular vesicles and their potential to provide candidate biomarkers for prostate cancer.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/5/4/1522exosomesexosome biogenesisextracellular vesicleprostate cancerbiomarkerandrogen receptor |
| spellingShingle | Colleen C. Nelson Carolina Soekmadji Pamela J. Russell Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a Puzzle Cancers exosomes exosome biogenesis extracellular vesicle prostate cancer biomarker androgen receptor |
| title | Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a Puzzle |
| title_full | Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a Puzzle |
| title_fullStr | Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a Puzzle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a Puzzle |
| title_short | Exosomes in Prostate Cancer: Putting Together the Pieces of a Puzzle |
| title_sort | exosomes in prostate cancer putting together the pieces of a puzzle |
| topic | exosomes exosome biogenesis extracellular vesicle prostate cancer biomarker androgen receptor |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/5/4/1522 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT colleencnelson exosomesinprostatecancerputtingtogetherthepiecesofapuzzle AT carolinasoekmadji exosomesinprostatecancerputtingtogetherthepiecesofapuzzle AT pamelajrussell exosomesinprostatecancerputtingtogetherthepiecesofapuzzle |