Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ Data
Arctic lakes are sensitive to climate change, and the timing and duration of ice presence and absence (i.e., ice phenology) on the lake surface can be used as a climate indicator. In this study of Linnévatnet, one of the largest lakes on Svalbard, we compare inferences of lake ice duration from sate...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/6/1311 |
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| author | Samuel E. Tuttle Steven R. Roof Michael J. Retelle Alan Werner Grant E. Gunn Erin L. Bunting |
| author_facet | Samuel E. Tuttle Steven R. Roof Michael J. Retelle Alan Werner Grant E. Gunn Erin L. Bunting |
| author_sort | Samuel E. Tuttle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arctic lakes are sensitive to climate change, and the timing and duration of ice presence and absence (i.e., ice phenology) on the lake surface can be used as a climate indicator. In this study of Linnévatnet, one of the largest lakes on Svalbard, we compare inferences of lake ice duration from satellite data with continuously monitored lake water temperature and photographs from automatic cameras. Visible surface reflectance data from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) were used to observe the change in the lake-wide mean surface reflectance of Linnévatnet from 2003–2019, and smoothing splines were applied to the to determine the date of summer ice-off (also called “break-up end”—BUE). Similarly, BUE and fall ice-on (or “freeze-up end”—FUE) were determined from lake-wide mean time series of Sentinel-1 microwave backscatter from 2014–2019. Overall, the ice timing dates identified from the satellite observations agree well with the in-situ observations (RMSE values of approximately 2–7 days for BUE and FUE, depending on the method and in-situ dataset), lending confidence to the accuracy of remote sensing of lake ice phenology in remote Arctic regions. Our observations of Linnévatnet indicate that BUE dates do not have a significant trend, while FUE dates have been occurring approximately 1.5 days later per year during the study period. These results support an overall decrease in annual duration of lake ice cover in this part of Svalbard. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:46:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2db68726945445b4964dcd83b2ac29dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:46:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-2db68726945445b4964dcd83b2ac29dd2023-11-30T22:10:55ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-03-01146131110.3390/rs14061311Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ DataSamuel E. Tuttle0Steven R. Roof1Michael J. Retelle2Alan Werner3Grant E. Gunn4Erin L. Bunting5Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USASchool of Natural Science, Hampshire College, Amherst, MA 01002, USADepartment of Earth and Climate Sciences, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240, USADepartment of Geology and Geography, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075, USADepartment of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaDepartment of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences, College of Social Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USAArctic lakes are sensitive to climate change, and the timing and duration of ice presence and absence (i.e., ice phenology) on the lake surface can be used as a climate indicator. In this study of Linnévatnet, one of the largest lakes on Svalbard, we compare inferences of lake ice duration from satellite data with continuously monitored lake water temperature and photographs from automatic cameras. Visible surface reflectance data from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) were used to observe the change in the lake-wide mean surface reflectance of Linnévatnet from 2003–2019, and smoothing splines were applied to the to determine the date of summer ice-off (also called “break-up end”—BUE). Similarly, BUE and fall ice-on (or “freeze-up end”—FUE) were determined from lake-wide mean time series of Sentinel-1 microwave backscatter from 2014–2019. Overall, the ice timing dates identified from the satellite observations agree well with the in-situ observations (RMSE values of approximately 2–7 days for BUE and FUE, depending on the method and in-situ dataset), lending confidence to the accuracy of remote sensing of lake ice phenology in remote Arctic regions. Our observations of Linnévatnet indicate that BUE dates do not have a significant trend, while FUE dates have been occurring approximately 1.5 days later per year during the study period. These results support an overall decrease in annual duration of lake ice cover in this part of Svalbard.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/6/1311lake iceremote sensingSvalbardMODISSentinel-1water temperature |
| spellingShingle | Samuel E. Tuttle Steven R. Roof Michael J. Retelle Alan Werner Grant E. Gunn Erin L. Bunting Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ Data Remote Sensing lake ice remote sensing Svalbard MODIS Sentinel-1 water temperature |
| title | Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ Data |
| title_full | Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ Data |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ Data |
| title_short | Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Estimates of Lake Ice Cover Timing on Linnévatnet, Kapp Linné, Svalbard Using In-Situ Data |
| title_sort | evaluation of satellite derived estimates of lake ice cover timing on linnevatnet kapp linne svalbard using in situ data |
| topic | lake ice remote sensing Svalbard MODIS Sentinel-1 water temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/6/1311 |
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