Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the current health status of adults in the United States with self-reported hearing loss and compare it with US adults with a self-reported excellent or good hearing in three areas: (1) chronic disease states and general health status, (2) medical s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Audiology Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4349/11/1/11 |
| _version_ | 1797541885605052416 |
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| author | Jennifer Glassman Timothy Jordan Jiunn-Jye Sheu Lori Pakulski Amy Thompson |
| author_facet | Jennifer Glassman Timothy Jordan Jiunn-Jye Sheu Lori Pakulski Amy Thompson |
| author_sort | Jennifer Glassman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the current health status of adults in the United States with self-reported hearing loss and compare it with US adults with a self-reported excellent or good hearing in three areas: (1) chronic disease states and general health status, (2) medical screening behaviors, and (3) lifestyle behaviors. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2014 data set from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), specifically the Sample Adult Public Use File (samadult). For this questionnaire set, one adult per family was randomly selected. This individual self-reported their response to the questionnaire items. Binary regressions were used to analyze the odds ratio to find differences for selected disease states, screenings, and lifestyle behaviors. Respondents were grouped into one of four categories: excellent/good hearing, a little trouble hearing, moderate/a lot of trouble hearing, and deaf. Results: The excellent/good hearing group was used as the comparison group for the other three levels of hearing. There are many differences in likelihood to self-report disease states; the greatest increased likelihoods include tinnitus and heart disease, with tinnitus being 8.6 times more likely for those who identified as having moderate/a lot of hearing loss. Those with any level of hearing loss were 3 to 5 times more likely to self-report heart disease. Regarding lifestyle factors, individuals with any level of hearing loss were less likely to consume alcohol and 2.5 to 9 times more likely to be unable to engage in moderate or vigorous activity on a weekly basis, respectively. Conclusions: There is a difference in the health status of individuals with hearing loss across all three areas examined (chronic disease states and general health status, medical screening behaviors, and lifestyle behaviors), and those differences vary based on level of hearing loss, the most notable being the self-reported inability to engage in moderate and vigorous physical activity. Disproportionate rates of tinnitus and heart disease were evident in all levels of hearing loss but most notable in those identifying as having moderate/a lot of trouble hearing. Further interdisciplinary research is necessary to improve the health of individuals with all levels of hearing loss, increase awareness of the hearing/health connection, and decrease hearing loss in general. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:22:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2dbe074b60c748e8b11aa56b9ca31eca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2039-4349 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:22:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Audiology Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-2dbe074b60c748e8b11aa56b9ca31eca2023-11-21T09:53:45ZengMDPI AGAudiology Research2039-43492021-03-0111110011110.3390/audiolres11010011Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United StatesJennifer Glassman0Timothy Jordan1Jiunn-Jye Sheu2Lori Pakulski3Amy Thompson4School of Intervention and Wellness, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USASchool of Population Health, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USASchool of Population Health, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USASchool of Intervention and Wellness, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USASchool of Population Health, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USAPurpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the current health status of adults in the United States with self-reported hearing loss and compare it with US adults with a self-reported excellent or good hearing in three areas: (1) chronic disease states and general health status, (2) medical screening behaviors, and (3) lifestyle behaviors. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2014 data set from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), specifically the Sample Adult Public Use File (samadult). For this questionnaire set, one adult per family was randomly selected. This individual self-reported their response to the questionnaire items. Binary regressions were used to analyze the odds ratio to find differences for selected disease states, screenings, and lifestyle behaviors. Respondents were grouped into one of four categories: excellent/good hearing, a little trouble hearing, moderate/a lot of trouble hearing, and deaf. Results: The excellent/good hearing group was used as the comparison group for the other three levels of hearing. There are many differences in likelihood to self-report disease states; the greatest increased likelihoods include tinnitus and heart disease, with tinnitus being 8.6 times more likely for those who identified as having moderate/a lot of hearing loss. Those with any level of hearing loss were 3 to 5 times more likely to self-report heart disease. Regarding lifestyle factors, individuals with any level of hearing loss were less likely to consume alcohol and 2.5 to 9 times more likely to be unable to engage in moderate or vigorous activity on a weekly basis, respectively. Conclusions: There is a difference in the health status of individuals with hearing loss across all three areas examined (chronic disease states and general health status, medical screening behaviors, and lifestyle behaviors), and those differences vary based on level of hearing loss, the most notable being the self-reported inability to engage in moderate and vigorous physical activity. Disproportionate rates of tinnitus and heart disease were evident in all levels of hearing loss but most notable in those identifying as having moderate/a lot of trouble hearing. Further interdisciplinary research is necessary to improve the health of individuals with all levels of hearing loss, increase awareness of the hearing/health connection, and decrease hearing loss in general.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4349/11/1/11hearing losshealth behaviorshealth statusdisease state |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer Glassman Timothy Jordan Jiunn-Jye Sheu Lori Pakulski Amy Thompson Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States Audiology Research hearing loss health behaviors health status disease state |
| title | Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States |
| title_full | Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States |
| title_fullStr | Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States |
| title_short | Health Status of Adults with Hearing Loss in the United States |
| title_sort | health status of adults with hearing loss in the united states |
| topic | hearing loss health behaviors health status disease state |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4349/11/1/11 |
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