Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional survey
Introduction: Low fertility rate has become an inevitable problem globally. Although current policies have a certain effect on promoting fertility and raising the birth rate, the overall effect is not obvious to meet the need. Therefore, the exploration of fertility intention and its affecting facto...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023006527 |
| _version_ | 1811161758549671936 |
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| author | Ze Xiang Xinyue Zhang Yiqi Li Jiarui Li Yinlin Wang Yujia Wang Wai-Kit Ming Xinying Sun Bin Jiang Guanghua Zhai Yibo Wu Jian Wu |
| author_facet | Ze Xiang Xinyue Zhang Yiqi Li Jiarui Li Yinlin Wang Yujia Wang Wai-Kit Ming Xinying Sun Bin Jiang Guanghua Zhai Yibo Wu Jian Wu |
| author_sort | Ze Xiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Low fertility rate has become an inevitable problem globally. Although current policies have a certain effect on promoting fertility and raising the birth rate, the overall effect is not obvious to meet the need. Therefore, the exploration of fertility intention and its affecting factors is extremely significant. Methods: This study collected demographic data and the intention of respondents to have a second children, which focused on the factors that could affect fertility issues. 11,031 respondents were divided into non-fertile group (n = 5062) and fertile group (n = 5969) according to whether they had children or not, and the fertility group (n = 5969) were divided into group with 1–2 children (n = 5293) and group with ≥3 children (n = 676) according to the number of children. Non-fertility respondents aged 26–40 (n = 1369) were divided to explore the factors affecting the second-children intention. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the affecting factors. Results: It was revealed that gender [Male: OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.54–0.68], age [26–40: OR: 16.0, 95% CI: 13.4–19.1; 41–60: OR: 233.8, 95% CI: 186.7–292.6; >60: OR: 105.6, 95% CI: 77.1–144.6], political status [Partisans: OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.42–0.54], highest educational level [Middle school: OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.17–0.26; College degree or above: OR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.08–0.11], whether having chronic disease [Yes: OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.60–2.38] and depression [Mild depression: OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.56–0.72; Moderate depression: OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.36–0.53; Moderate to severe depression: OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.35–0.57; Severe depression: OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33–0.74] were important factors affecting fertility intention. We found that age [26–40: OR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08–0.15; 41–60: OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.12–0.18; >60: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.99], region [Central China: OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.20–1.86; Western China: OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.41–2.18], resident place [Urban: OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.49–0.72], per capita monthly household income [6001–12000: OR: 0.63, 95% CI:0.46–0.83; ≥12,000: OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.20–2.80], political status [Non-partisans: OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.09–0.69], highest educational level [Middle school: OR: 0.36, 95%CI: 0.27–0.46; College degree or above: OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.17–0.30] and anxiety [Moderate anxiety: OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.04–1.88; Severe anxiety: OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.26–3.80] were the main affecting factors for choosing the number of children. Furthermore, the second-children intention investigation in respondents aged 26–40 showed that gender [Male: OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.67–2.53], resident place [Urban: OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.49–0.72], per capita monthly household income [≥12,000: OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.23–2.82] and pressure [Severe pressure: OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34–0.85] were the important factors. Conclusion: Region, educational level, psychological factors, income, political status and medical insurance were the important factors affecting the intention of fertility and the number of children. The government should take these factors into account when optimizing the existing policy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:19:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2dc357940e85450b9980acc0d225ef4e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:19:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-2dc357940e85450b9980acc0d225ef4e2023-03-02T05:01:35ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-02-0192e13445Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional surveyZe Xiang0Xinyue Zhang1Yiqi Li2Jiarui Li3Yinlin Wang4Yujia Wang5Wai-Kit Ming6Xinying Sun7Bin Jiang8Guanghua Zhai9Yibo Wu10Jian Wu11Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, ChinaThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China; Zhejiang University School of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, ChinaZhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, ChinaZhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, ChinaThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China; Zhejiang University School of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, ChinaCollege of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Care Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong KongSchool of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The Central Blood Station of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224000, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China; Corresponding author.Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, China; Corresponding author.Introduction: Low fertility rate has become an inevitable problem globally. Although current policies have a certain effect on promoting fertility and raising the birth rate, the overall effect is not obvious to meet the need. Therefore, the exploration of fertility intention and its affecting factors is extremely significant. Methods: This study collected demographic data and the intention of respondents to have a second children, which focused on the factors that could affect fertility issues. 11,031 respondents were divided into non-fertile group (n = 5062) and fertile group (n = 5969) according to whether they had children or not, and the fertility group (n = 5969) were divided into group with 1–2 children (n = 5293) and group with ≥3 children (n = 676) according to the number of children. Non-fertility respondents aged 26–40 (n = 1369) were divided to explore the factors affecting the second-children intention. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the affecting factors. Results: It was revealed that gender [Male: OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.54–0.68], age [26–40: OR: 16.0, 95% CI: 13.4–19.1; 41–60: OR: 233.8, 95% CI: 186.7–292.6; >60: OR: 105.6, 95% CI: 77.1–144.6], political status [Partisans: OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.42–0.54], highest educational level [Middle school: OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.17–0.26; College degree or above: OR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.08–0.11], whether having chronic disease [Yes: OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.60–2.38] and depression [Mild depression: OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.56–0.72; Moderate depression: OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.36–0.53; Moderate to severe depression: OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.35–0.57; Severe depression: OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33–0.74] were important factors affecting fertility intention. We found that age [26–40: OR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08–0.15; 41–60: OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.12–0.18; >60: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.99], region [Central China: OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.20–1.86; Western China: OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.41–2.18], resident place [Urban: OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.49–0.72], per capita monthly household income [6001–12000: OR: 0.63, 95% CI:0.46–0.83; ≥12,000: OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.20–2.80], political status [Non-partisans: OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.09–0.69], highest educational level [Middle school: OR: 0.36, 95%CI: 0.27–0.46; College degree or above: OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.17–0.30] and anxiety [Moderate anxiety: OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.04–1.88; Severe anxiety: OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.26–3.80] were the main affecting factors for choosing the number of children. Furthermore, the second-children intention investigation in respondents aged 26–40 showed that gender [Male: OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.67–2.53], resident place [Urban: OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.49–0.72], per capita monthly household income [≥12,000: OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.23–2.82] and pressure [Severe pressure: OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34–0.85] were the important factors. Conclusion: Region, educational level, psychological factors, income, political status and medical insurance were the important factors affecting the intention of fertility and the number of children. The government should take these factors into account when optimizing the existing policy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023006527ChinaFertility intentionSecond-childAffecting factorsFertility policiesCross-sectional survey |
| spellingShingle | Ze Xiang Xinyue Zhang Yiqi Li Jiarui Li Yinlin Wang Yujia Wang Wai-Kit Ming Xinying Sun Bin Jiang Guanghua Zhai Yibo Wu Jian Wu Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional survey Heliyon China Fertility intention Second-child Affecting factors Fertility policies Cross-sectional survey |
| title | Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional survey |
| title_full | Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional survey |
| title_fullStr | Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional survey |
| title_short | Fertility intention and its affecting factors in China: A national cross-sectional survey |
| title_sort | fertility intention and its affecting factors in china a national cross sectional survey |
| topic | China Fertility intention Second-child Affecting factors Fertility policies Cross-sectional survey |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023006527 |
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