Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areas
ObjectivePeople with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have language difficulties. This study focuses on whether there are sex differences in language ability in children with ASD and aims to analyze whether such differences may arise from developmental imbalances in the anatomical structures of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.762621/full |
| _version_ | 1811289090864185344 |
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| author | Yun Zhang Yun Zhang Bin Qin Bin Qin Longlun Wang Jie Chen Jinhua Cai Tingyu Li |
| author_facet | Yun Zhang Yun Zhang Bin Qin Bin Qin Longlun Wang Jie Chen Jinhua Cai Tingyu Li |
| author_sort | Yun Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectivePeople with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have language difficulties. This study focuses on whether there are sex differences in language ability in children with ASD and aims to analyze whether such differences may arise from developmental imbalances in the anatomical structures of Broca and Wernicke areas.MethodsThe language development quotient (DQ) scores of Gesell Developmental Scale (GDS) and the scores of language communication of Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were used to judge the language ability, and the FREESURFER software extracted the anatomical structures of Broca and Wernicke areas on 3DT1 sequences. We analyzed the correlation between the anatomical structure of Broca/Wernicke areas and language abilities assessments.ResultsThe study initially included 44 cases of ASD, with 36 males (81.8 %) and 8 females (18.2%), and the age range was 24–72 months. Males have better language abilities than females. Specifically, the GDS verbal DQ of males was significantly higher than that of females (56.50 ± 18.02 vs. 29.23 ± 6.67, p < 0.001). Broca thickness-L was positively correlated with verbal DQ scores in GDS (r = 0.382, p = 0.011) and lower than grade 2 and 3 on the CARS verbal communication grade 4 (5.76 ± 0.17 vs. 6.21 ± 0.30 and 6.11 ± 0.35), with statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionThere were sex differences in the language abilities of preschoolers with ASD, which may be due to an imbalance development of certain structures in Broca and Wernicke areas, especially Broca area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:48:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2dc4deceb1394ed4902a2988c0800323 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:48:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2dc4deceb1394ed4902a2988c08003232022-12-22T03:03:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602022-07-011010.3389/fped.2022.762621762621Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areasYun Zhang0Yun Zhang1Bin Qin2Bin Qin3Longlun Wang4Jie Chen5Jinhua Cai6Tingyu Li7National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Engineering Research Center for Clinical Big Data and Drug Evaluation, Medical Data Science, Academy of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Engineering Research Center for Clinical Big Data and Drug Evaluation, Medical Data Science, Academy of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChildren Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaChildren Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaObjectivePeople with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have language difficulties. This study focuses on whether there are sex differences in language ability in children with ASD and aims to analyze whether such differences may arise from developmental imbalances in the anatomical structures of Broca and Wernicke areas.MethodsThe language development quotient (DQ) scores of Gesell Developmental Scale (GDS) and the scores of language communication of Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were used to judge the language ability, and the FREESURFER software extracted the anatomical structures of Broca and Wernicke areas on 3DT1 sequences. We analyzed the correlation between the anatomical structure of Broca/Wernicke areas and language abilities assessments.ResultsThe study initially included 44 cases of ASD, with 36 males (81.8 %) and 8 females (18.2%), and the age range was 24–72 months. Males have better language abilities than females. Specifically, the GDS verbal DQ of males was significantly higher than that of females (56.50 ± 18.02 vs. 29.23 ± 6.67, p < 0.001). Broca thickness-L was positively correlated with verbal DQ scores in GDS (r = 0.382, p = 0.011) and lower than grade 2 and 3 on the CARS verbal communication grade 4 (5.76 ± 0.17 vs. 6.21 ± 0.30 and 6.11 ± 0.35), with statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionThere were sex differences in the language abilities of preschoolers with ASD, which may be due to an imbalance development of certain structures in Broca and Wernicke areas, especially Broca area.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.762621/fullautism spectrum disorderlanguagepreschool childrenBroca areaWernicke area |
| spellingShingle | Yun Zhang Yun Zhang Bin Qin Bin Qin Longlun Wang Jie Chen Jinhua Cai Tingyu Li Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areas Frontiers in Pediatrics autism spectrum disorder language preschool children Broca area Wernicke area |
| title | Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areas |
| title_full | Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areas |
| title_fullStr | Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areas |
| title_short | Sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with Broca and Wernicke areas |
| title_sort | sex differences of language abilities of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and their anatomical correlation with broca and wernicke areas |
| topic | autism spectrum disorder language preschool children Broca area Wernicke area |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.762621/full |
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