How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of Liquids
The electrical and dielectric properties of liquids can be used for sensing. Specific applications, e.g., the continuous in-line monitoring of blood conductivity as a measure of the sodium concentration during dialysis treatment, require contactless measuring methods to avoid any contamination of th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2365 |
| _version_ | 1797539666625298432 |
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| author | Marc Berger Anne Zygmanowski Stefan Zimmermann |
| author_facet | Marc Berger Anne Zygmanowski Stefan Zimmermann |
| author_sort | Marc Berger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The electrical and dielectric properties of liquids can be used for sensing. Specific applications, e.g., the continuous in-line monitoring of blood conductivity as a measure of the sodium concentration during dialysis treatment, require contactless measuring methods to avoid any contamination of the medium. The differential transformer is one promising approach for such applications, since its principle is based on a contactless, magnetically induced conductivity measurement. The objective of this work is to investigate the impact of the geometric parameters of the sample or medium under test on the sensitivity and the noise of the differential transformer to derive design rules for an optimized setup. By fundamental investigations, an equation for the field penetration depth of a differential transformer is derived. Furthermore, it is found that increasing height and radius of the medium is accompanied by an enhancement in sensitivity and precision. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:49:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2dd97e98c0ec47c9b017f297699bddb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:49:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-2dd97e98c0ec47c9b017f297699bddb02023-11-21T13:14:11ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-03-01217236510.3390/s21072365How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of LiquidsMarc Berger0Anne Zygmanowski1Stefan Zimmermann2Department of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, GermanyThe electrical and dielectric properties of liquids can be used for sensing. Specific applications, e.g., the continuous in-line monitoring of blood conductivity as a measure of the sodium concentration during dialysis treatment, require contactless measuring methods to avoid any contamination of the medium. The differential transformer is one promising approach for such applications, since its principle is based on a contactless, magnetically induced conductivity measurement. The objective of this work is to investigate the impact of the geometric parameters of the sample or medium under test on the sensitivity and the noise of the differential transformer to derive design rules for an optimized setup. By fundamental investigations, an equation for the field penetration depth of a differential transformer is derived. Furthermore, it is found that increasing height and radius of the medium is accompanied by an enhancement in sensitivity and precision.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2365differential transformercontactless measurementfiled penetration depthmagnetic couplingPCB coilmagnetic induced conductivity measurement |
| spellingShingle | Marc Berger Anne Zygmanowski Stefan Zimmermann How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of Liquids Sensors differential transformer contactless measurement filed penetration depth magnetic coupling PCB coil magnetic induced conductivity measurement |
| title | How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of Liquids |
| title_full | How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of Liquids |
| title_fullStr | How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of Liquids |
| title_full_unstemmed | How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of Liquids |
| title_short | How Geometry Affects Sensitivity of a Differential Transformer for Contactless Characterization of Liquids |
| title_sort | how geometry affects sensitivity of a differential transformer for contactless characterization of liquids |
| topic | differential transformer contactless measurement filed penetration depth magnetic coupling PCB coil magnetic induced conductivity measurement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2365 |
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