COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic Drag
Abstract The parametrization of orographic drag processes is a major source of circulation uncertainty in models. The COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE) project makes a coordinated effort to narrow this uncertainty by bringing together the modeling community to: explore the variety of oro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002160 |
| _version_ | 1818937762812788736 |
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| author | Annelize vanNiekerk Irina Sandu Ayrton Zadra Eric Bazile Takafumi Kanehama Martin Köhler Myung‐Seo Koo Hyun‐Joo Choi Yukihiro Kuroki Michael D. Toy Simon B. Vosper Valery Yudin |
| author_facet | Annelize vanNiekerk Irina Sandu Ayrton Zadra Eric Bazile Takafumi Kanehama Martin Köhler Myung‐Seo Koo Hyun‐Joo Choi Yukihiro Kuroki Michael D. Toy Simon B. Vosper Valery Yudin |
| author_sort | Annelize vanNiekerk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The parametrization of orographic drag processes is a major source of circulation uncertainty in models. The COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE) project makes a coordinated effort to narrow this uncertainty by bringing together the modeling community to: explore the variety of orographic drag parametrizations employed in current operational models; assess the resolution sensitivity of resolved and parametrized orographic drag across models; and to validate the parametrized orographic drag in low‐resolution simulations using explicitly resolved orographic drag from high‐resolution simulations. Eleven models from eight major modeling centers are used to estimate resolved orographic drag from high‐resolution (km‐scale) simulations and parametrized orographic drag from low‐resolution simulations, typically used for seasonal forecasting (∼40 km) and climate projections (∼100 km). In most models, at both seasonal and climate resolutions, the total (resolved plus parametrized) orographic gravity wave drag over land is shown to be underestimated by a considerable amount (up to 50%) over the Northern and Southern Hemisphere and by more than 60% over the Middle East region, with respect to the resolved gravity wave drag estimated from km‐scale simulations. The km‐scale simulations also provide evidence that the parametrized surface stress and the parametrized low‐level orographic drag throughout the troposphere are overestimated in most models over the Middle East region, particularly at climate resolutions. Through this process‐based evaluation, COORDE provides model developers new valuable information on the current representation of orographic drag at seasonal and climate resolutions and the vertical partitioning of orographic low‐level and gravity wave drag. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T05:57:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2de6b0dc940f46a38616a8ea5eda2718 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1942-2466 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T05:57:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-2de6b0dc940f46a38616a8ea5eda27182022-12-21T19:51:00ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems1942-24662020-11-011211n/an/a10.1029/2020MS002160COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic DragAnnelize vanNiekerk0Irina Sandu1Ayrton Zadra2Eric Bazile3Takafumi Kanehama4Martin Köhler5Myung‐Seo Koo6Hyun‐Joo Choi7Yukihiro Kuroki8Michael D. Toy9Simon B. Vosper10Valery Yudin11Met Office Exeter UKEuropean Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reading UKAtmospheric Numerical Weather Prediction Research Section Environment and Climate Change Canada Dorval Québec CanadaNational Centre for Meteorological Research, Météo‐France Toulouse FranceEuropean Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reading UKDeutscher Wetterdienst Offenbach GermanyKorea Institute of Atmospheric Prediction Systems Seoul South KoreaKorea Meteorological Administration Seoul South KoreaJapan Meteorological Agency Tokyo JapanCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO USAMet Office Exeter UKCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO USAAbstract The parametrization of orographic drag processes is a major source of circulation uncertainty in models. The COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE) project makes a coordinated effort to narrow this uncertainty by bringing together the modeling community to: explore the variety of orographic drag parametrizations employed in current operational models; assess the resolution sensitivity of resolved and parametrized orographic drag across models; and to validate the parametrized orographic drag in low‐resolution simulations using explicitly resolved orographic drag from high‐resolution simulations. Eleven models from eight major modeling centers are used to estimate resolved orographic drag from high‐resolution (km‐scale) simulations and parametrized orographic drag from low‐resolution simulations, typically used for seasonal forecasting (∼40 km) and climate projections (∼100 km). In most models, at both seasonal and climate resolutions, the total (resolved plus parametrized) orographic gravity wave drag over land is shown to be underestimated by a considerable amount (up to 50%) over the Northern and Southern Hemisphere and by more than 60% over the Middle East region, with respect to the resolved gravity wave drag estimated from km‐scale simulations. The km‐scale simulations also provide evidence that the parametrized surface stress and the parametrized low‐level orographic drag throughout the troposphere are overestimated in most models over the Middle East region, particularly at climate resolutions. Through this process‐based evaluation, COORDE provides model developers new valuable information on the current representation of orographic drag at seasonal and climate resolutions and the vertical partitioning of orographic low‐level and gravity wave drag.https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002160orographic draggravity wave dragnumerical weather predictionboundary layer meteorologystratospheric dynamicsatmospheric modelling |
| spellingShingle | Annelize vanNiekerk Irina Sandu Ayrton Zadra Eric Bazile Takafumi Kanehama Martin Köhler Myung‐Seo Koo Hyun‐Joo Choi Yukihiro Kuroki Michael D. Toy Simon B. Vosper Valery Yudin COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic Drag Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems orographic drag gravity wave drag numerical weather prediction boundary layer meteorology stratospheric dynamics atmospheric modelling |
| title | COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic Drag |
| title_full | COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic Drag |
| title_fullStr | COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic Drag |
| title_full_unstemmed | COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic Drag |
| title_short | COnstraining ORographic Drag Effects (COORDE): A Model Comparison of Resolved and Parametrized Orographic Drag |
| title_sort | constraining orographic drag effects coorde a model comparison of resolved and parametrized orographic drag |
| topic | orographic drag gravity wave drag numerical weather prediction boundary layer meteorology stratospheric dynamics atmospheric modelling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002160 |
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