Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments
Assuming a symmetric pattern plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of facial asymmetry, for reconstructive craniofacial surgery, knowing the precise location of the facial midline is important since for most reconstructive procedures the intact side of the face serves as a...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Symmetry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/9/1448 |
| _version_ | 1797554690510028800 |
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| author | Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva Thomas Richard Jenkyn Victor Alexander Carranza |
| author_facet | Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva Thomas Richard Jenkyn Victor Alexander Carranza |
| author_sort | Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Assuming a symmetric pattern plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of facial asymmetry, for reconstructive craniofacial surgery, knowing the precise location of the facial midline is important since for most reconstructive procedures the intact side of the face serves as a template for the malformed side. However, the location of the midline is still a subjective procedure, despite its importance. This study aimed to automatically locate the bilateral symmetry midline of the facial skeleton based on an invariant moment technique using pseudo-Zernike moments. A total of 367 skull images were evaluated using the proposed technique. The technique was found to be reliable and provided good accuracy in the symmetry planes. This new technique will be utilized for subsequent studies to evaluate diverse craniofacial reconstruction techniques. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:35:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2de7b8e714e949e0a9022126646c8b3e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-8994 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:35:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Symmetry |
| spelling | doaj.art-2de7b8e714e949e0a9022126646c8b3e2023-11-20T12:26:34ZengMDPI AGSymmetry2073-89942020-09-01129144810.3390/sym12091448Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant MomentsRodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva0Thomas Richard Jenkyn1Victor Alexander Carranza2Craniofacial Injury and Concussion Research Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaCraniofacial Injury and Concussion Research Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaCraniofacial Injury and Concussion Research Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaAssuming a symmetric pattern plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of facial asymmetry, for reconstructive craniofacial surgery, knowing the precise location of the facial midline is important since for most reconstructive procedures the intact side of the face serves as a template for the malformed side. However, the location of the midline is still a subjective procedure, despite its importance. This study aimed to automatically locate the bilateral symmetry midline of the facial skeleton based on an invariant moment technique using pseudo-Zernike moments. A total of 367 skull images were evaluated using the proposed technique. The technique was found to be reliable and provided good accuracy in the symmetry planes. This new technique will be utilized for subsequent studies to evaluate diverse craniofacial reconstruction techniques.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/9/1448craniofacial skeletoncephalometric analysispseudo-Zernike momentsindependent component analysisprincipal component analysis<i>k</i>-nearest neighbours |
| spellingShingle | Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva Thomas Richard Jenkyn Victor Alexander Carranza Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments Symmetry craniofacial skeleton cephalometric analysis pseudo-Zernike moments independent component analysis principal component analysis <i>k</i>-nearest neighbours |
| title | Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments |
| title_full | Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments |
| title_fullStr | Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments |
| title_short | Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments |
| title_sort | application of a novel automatic method for determining the bilateral symmetry midline of the facial skeleton based on invariant moments |
| topic | craniofacial skeleton cephalometric analysis pseudo-Zernike moments independent component analysis principal component analysis <i>k</i>-nearest neighbours |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/9/1448 |
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