Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central Mexico
Snakebite envenoming is a serious medical problem in different areas of the world. In Latin America, the major prevalence is due to snakes of the family <i>Viperidae</i>, where rattlesnakes (<i>Crotalus</i>) are included. They produce hemotoxic venom which causes bleeding, ti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/8/1489 |
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| author | Octavio Roldán-Padrón José Luis Castro-Guillén José Alejandro García-Arredondo Martha Sandra Cruz-Pérez Luis Fernando Díaz-Peña Carlos Saldaña Alejandro Blanco-Labra Teresa García-Gasca |
| author_facet | Octavio Roldán-Padrón José Luis Castro-Guillén José Alejandro García-Arredondo Martha Sandra Cruz-Pérez Luis Fernando Díaz-Peña Carlos Saldaña Alejandro Blanco-Labra Teresa García-Gasca |
| author_sort | Octavio Roldán-Padrón |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Snakebite envenoming is a serious medical problem in different areas of the world. In Latin America, the major prevalence is due to snakes of the family <i>Viperidae</i>, where rattlesnakes (<i>Crotalus</i>) are included. They produce hemotoxic venom which causes bleeding, tissue degradation and necrosis. Each venom has several enzymatic activities, producing different effects in the envenoming, doing its clinical effects difficult to study. Comparison between venom molecules is also difficult when different techniques are used, and therefore, their identification/characterization using the same methodology is necessary. In this work, a general biochemical characterization in snake venom of serine proteases (SVSP), phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> (PLA<sub>2</sub>), metalloproteases (SVMP) and hyaluronidases (SVH) of <i>Crotalus aquilus</i> (Ca), <i>Crotalus polystictus</i> (Cp) and <i>Crotalus molossus nigrescens</i> (Cmn) was done. Differences in protein pattern, enzyme content and enzymatic activities were observed. All the venoms showed high PLA<sub>2</sub> activity, high molecular weight SVSP, and a wide variety of SVMP and SVH forms. Ca and Cp showed the highest enzymatic activities of SVMP and SVSP trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like, whereas Cmn showed the highest SVH and similar PLA<sub>2</sub> activity with Ca. All the venoms showed peptides with similar molecular weight to crotamine-like myotoxins. No previous biochemical characterization of <i>C. aquilus</i> has been reported and there are no previous analyses that include these four protein families in these <i>Crotalus</i> venoms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:02:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2dea60a15f124b17b2802dac7d55e1ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:02:44Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2dea60a15f124b17b2802dac7d55e1ae2022-12-21T22:53:48ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-04-01248148910.3390/molecules24081489molecules24081489Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central MexicoOctavio Roldán-Padrón0José Luis Castro-Guillén1José Alejandro García-Arredondo2Martha Sandra Cruz-Pérez3Luis Fernando Díaz-Peña4Carlos Saldaña5Alejandro Blanco-Labra6Teresa García-Gasca7Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Avenida de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, MéxicoCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato 36824, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Facultad de Química, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Avenida de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Facultad de Química, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Avenida de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, MéxicoCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato 36824, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Avenida de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, MéxicoSnakebite envenoming is a serious medical problem in different areas of the world. In Latin America, the major prevalence is due to snakes of the family <i>Viperidae</i>, where rattlesnakes (<i>Crotalus</i>) are included. They produce hemotoxic venom which causes bleeding, tissue degradation and necrosis. Each venom has several enzymatic activities, producing different effects in the envenoming, doing its clinical effects difficult to study. Comparison between venom molecules is also difficult when different techniques are used, and therefore, their identification/characterization using the same methodology is necessary. In this work, a general biochemical characterization in snake venom of serine proteases (SVSP), phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> (PLA<sub>2</sub>), metalloproteases (SVMP) and hyaluronidases (SVH) of <i>Crotalus aquilus</i> (Ca), <i>Crotalus polystictus</i> (Cp) and <i>Crotalus molossus nigrescens</i> (Cmn) was done. Differences in protein pattern, enzyme content and enzymatic activities were observed. All the venoms showed high PLA<sub>2</sub> activity, high molecular weight SVSP, and a wide variety of SVMP and SVH forms. Ca and Cp showed the highest enzymatic activities of SVMP and SVSP trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like, whereas Cmn showed the highest SVH and similar PLA<sub>2</sub> activity with Ca. All the venoms showed peptides with similar molecular weight to crotamine-like myotoxins. No previous biochemical characterization of <i>C. aquilus</i> has been reported and there are no previous analyses that include these four protein families in these <i>Crotalus</i> venoms.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/8/1489<i>Crotalus</i>snake venomphospholipases A<sub>2</sub>hyaluronidasesmetalloproteasesserine proteases |
| spellingShingle | Octavio Roldán-Padrón José Luis Castro-Guillén José Alejandro García-Arredondo Martha Sandra Cruz-Pérez Luis Fernando Díaz-Peña Carlos Saldaña Alejandro Blanco-Labra Teresa García-Gasca Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central Mexico Molecules <i>Crotalus</i> snake venom phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> hyaluronidases metalloproteases serine proteases |
| title | Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central Mexico |
| title_full | Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central Mexico |
| title_short | Snake Venom Hemotoxic Enzymes: Biochemical Comparison between <i>Crotalus</i> Species from Central Mexico |
| title_sort | snake venom hemotoxic enzymes biochemical comparison between i crotalus i species from central mexico |
| topic | <i>Crotalus</i> snake venom phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> hyaluronidases metalloproteases serine proteases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/8/1489 |
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