A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programs
Carmen Eulalia Mosquera-Herrera1,2, Elvia Piedad Aspiazu-Miranda1,2, Jacobus Henri de Waard3,4, Miguel Angel Garcia-Bereguiain3,51Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública e Investigación “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, G...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2019-07-01
|
| Series: | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/a-high-prevalence-of-human-t-lymphotropic-virus-htlv-12-infection-amon-peer-reviewed-article-IDR |
| _version_ | 1818419137548910592 |
|---|---|
| author | Mosquera-Herrera CE Aspiazu-Miranda EP de Waard JH Garcia-Bereguiain MA |
| author_facet | Mosquera-Herrera CE Aspiazu-Miranda EP de Waard JH Garcia-Bereguiain MA |
| author_sort | Mosquera-Herrera CE |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carmen Eulalia Mosquera-Herrera1,2, Elvia Piedad Aspiazu-Miranda1,2, Jacobus Henri de Waard3,4, Miguel Angel Garcia-Bereguiain3,51Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública e Investigación “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, Guayaquil, Ecuador; 2Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador; 3One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador; 4Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela; 5School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí, EcuadorBackground: Infection with the Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type 1 and 2 is endemic in South America. Although there are reports of the presence of these retroviruses in Ecuador, the infection is usually neglected in healthcare settings and by public health authorities, and no actualized prevalence data are available.Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate, using for the first time to our knowledge in Ecuador immunological and molecular biology methodologies, the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection in asymptomatic individuals from a potentially high-risk population of Afro-Ecuadorians in the Province of Esmeraldas.Study design: Two hundred and twenty-seven plasma samples from asymptomatic individuals were analyzed for the detection of the HTLV-1/2 virus with three methods: a commercial ELISA, an indirect immunofluorescence (IF) assay, and a nested-PCR.Results: The overall prevalence of HTLV-1/2 antibodies in this population, as determined with an ELISA, was 11.0%. Both the IF assay and the nested-PCR confirmed a prevalence of 3.5%.Conclusion: The high prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection among the Afro-Ecuadorian population of Esmeraldas Province shows the need of the implementation of control and prevention interventions to overcome the further dissemination of the infection. To define the real problem of HTLV-1/2 infection in Ecuador, more prevalence studies have to be undertaken in other Afro-Ecuadorian populations and high-risk populations like the indigenous population of the Andes Mountains and the tropical Amazon region.Keywords: HTLV 1, HTLV2, Afro-descendants, Ecuador, ELISA, PCR |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:33:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2def8a77ddb74cf7b86b52a2659b3fd7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6973 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:33:47Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| spelling | doaj.art-2def8a77ddb74cf7b86b52a2659b3fd72022-12-21T23:01:07ZengDove Medical PressInfection and Drug Resistance1178-69732019-07-01Volume 121969197446910A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programsMosquera-Herrera CEAspiazu-Miranda EPde Waard JHGarcia-Bereguiain MACarmen Eulalia Mosquera-Herrera1,2, Elvia Piedad Aspiazu-Miranda1,2, Jacobus Henri de Waard3,4, Miguel Angel Garcia-Bereguiain3,51Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública e Investigación “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, Guayaquil, Ecuador; 2Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador; 3One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador; 4Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela; 5School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí, EcuadorBackground: Infection with the Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type 1 and 2 is endemic in South America. Although there are reports of the presence of these retroviruses in Ecuador, the infection is usually neglected in healthcare settings and by public health authorities, and no actualized prevalence data are available.Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate, using for the first time to our knowledge in Ecuador immunological and molecular biology methodologies, the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection in asymptomatic individuals from a potentially high-risk population of Afro-Ecuadorians in the Province of Esmeraldas.Study design: Two hundred and twenty-seven plasma samples from asymptomatic individuals were analyzed for the detection of the HTLV-1/2 virus with three methods: a commercial ELISA, an indirect immunofluorescence (IF) assay, and a nested-PCR.Results: The overall prevalence of HTLV-1/2 antibodies in this population, as determined with an ELISA, was 11.0%. Both the IF assay and the nested-PCR confirmed a prevalence of 3.5%.Conclusion: The high prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection among the Afro-Ecuadorian population of Esmeraldas Province shows the need of the implementation of control and prevention interventions to overcome the further dissemination of the infection. To define the real problem of HTLV-1/2 infection in Ecuador, more prevalence studies have to be undertaken in other Afro-Ecuadorian populations and high-risk populations like the indigenous population of the Andes Mountains and the tropical Amazon region.Keywords: HTLV 1, HTLV2, Afro-descendants, Ecuador, ELISA, PCRhttps://www.dovepress.com/a-high-prevalence-of-human-t-lymphotropic-virus-htlv-12-infection-amon-peer-reviewed-article-IDRHTLV 1HTLV2afrodescendentsEcuadorELISAPCR. |
| spellingShingle | Mosquera-Herrera CE Aspiazu-Miranda EP de Waard JH Garcia-Bereguiain MA A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programs Infection and Drug Resistance HTLV 1 HTLV2 afrodescendents Ecuador ELISA PCR. |
| title | A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programs |
| title_full | A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programs |
| title_fullStr | A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programs |
| title_full_unstemmed | A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programs |
| title_short | A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2) infection among Afro-descendants, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador – need for the implementation of surveys and control programs |
| title_sort | high prevalence of human t lymphotropic virus htlv 1 2 infection among afro descendants esmeraldas province ecuador ndash need for the implementation of surveys and control programs |
| topic | HTLV 1 HTLV2 afrodescendents Ecuador ELISA PCR. |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/a-high-prevalence-of-human-t-lymphotropic-virus-htlv-12-infection-amon-peer-reviewed-article-IDR |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mosqueraherrerace ahighprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms AT aspiazumirandaep ahighprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms AT dewaardjh ahighprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms AT garciabereguiainma ahighprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms AT mosqueraherrerace highprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms AT aspiazumirandaep highprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms AT dewaardjh highprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms AT garciabereguiainma highprevalenceofhumantlymphotropicvirushtlv12infectionamongafrodescendantsesmeraldasprovinceecuadorndashneedfortheimplementationofsurveysandcontrolprograms |