Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing Conditions
Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) is of great economic importance and constitutes one of the model plants for salinity and drought tolerance in the Mediterranean climate. This study aimed to study the physiological responses of Q6 (a quinoa line developed by International Center for Bio...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/3099 |
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| author | Rida Shibli Ruba Mohusaien Rund Abu-Zurayk Tamara Qudah Reham Tahtamouni |
| author_facet | Rida Shibli Ruba Mohusaien Rund Abu-Zurayk Tamara Qudah Reham Tahtamouni |
| author_sort | Rida Shibli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) is of great economic importance and constitutes one of the model plants for salinity and drought tolerance in the Mediterranean climate. This study aimed to study the physiological responses of Q6 (a quinoa line developed by International Center for Bio-saline Agriculture (ICBA) in cooperation with the National Center for Agricultural Research (NARC), Jordan) grown under in vitro salt-stressing conditions (MS Media plus either 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, or 200 mM of NaCl) and to determine the highest salt level that Q6 plantlets can tolerate. After this, different levels of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) (25, 50, and 75 mg/L) were added to the growth MS media to examine if they can boost the mitigation powers of Q6 plantlets against the highest salt level that the Q6 plantlets could tolerate. Data showed that all tested growth parameters were negatively affected by adding NaCl to the media at all levels. Shoot length, proliferation, and fresh and dry weights declined to reach minimum values at 200 mM NaCl when compared to the other NaCl levels. Similarly, chlorophyll, protein, and ion content were negatively affected when exposed to NaCl at all levels, while proline increased significantly with increasing NaCl in the growth media. The addition of Ag NPs resulted in improving the mitigation powers of Q6 plantlets, especially when 75 mg/L Ag NPs were added, as this resulted in a significant improvement in microshoot growth under 200 mM NaCl when compared to the control. Adding 75 mg/L of Ag NPs to 200 mM NaCl improved shoot growth (3.56 cm) when compared to (1.04 cm) obtained plantlets that were grown in 200 mM NaCl alone. Further, other growth parameters were almost doubled by adding 75 mg/L of Ag NPs to 200 mM NaCl when compared to 200 mM NaCl alone. Additionally, adding Ag NPs (especially at the 75 mg/L level) to the media improved total chlorophyll, protein, and ion content while also reducing proline when compared to the control, which indicated an improvement in microshoot tolerance to salt-stressing conditions. These results indicate that adding specific concentrations of Ag NPs improves the growth performance and stress tolerance of Q6 grown under salt-stressing conditions. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:58:09Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2df882d50f024f4f95e642cb41fb58542023-11-23T22:15:43ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-10-011419309910.3390/w14193099Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing ConditionsRida Shibli0Ruba Mohusaien1Rund Abu-Zurayk2Tamara Qudah3Reham Tahtamouni4Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman P.O. Box 19328, JordanDepartment of Horticulture and Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman P.O. Box 11942, JordanThe Nanotchnology Center, The University of Jordan, Amman P.O. Box 11942, JordanHamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman P.O. Box 11942, JordanDepartment of Applied Sciences, Princess Alia University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt P.O. Box 19117, JordanQuinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) is of great economic importance and constitutes one of the model plants for salinity and drought tolerance in the Mediterranean climate. This study aimed to study the physiological responses of Q6 (a quinoa line developed by International Center for Bio-saline Agriculture (ICBA) in cooperation with the National Center for Agricultural Research (NARC), Jordan) grown under in vitro salt-stressing conditions (MS Media plus either 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, or 200 mM of NaCl) and to determine the highest salt level that Q6 plantlets can tolerate. After this, different levels of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) (25, 50, and 75 mg/L) were added to the growth MS media to examine if they can boost the mitigation powers of Q6 plantlets against the highest salt level that the Q6 plantlets could tolerate. Data showed that all tested growth parameters were negatively affected by adding NaCl to the media at all levels. Shoot length, proliferation, and fresh and dry weights declined to reach minimum values at 200 mM NaCl when compared to the other NaCl levels. Similarly, chlorophyll, protein, and ion content were negatively affected when exposed to NaCl at all levels, while proline increased significantly with increasing NaCl in the growth media. The addition of Ag NPs resulted in improving the mitigation powers of Q6 plantlets, especially when 75 mg/L Ag NPs were added, as this resulted in a significant improvement in microshoot growth under 200 mM NaCl when compared to the control. Adding 75 mg/L of Ag NPs to 200 mM NaCl improved shoot growth (3.56 cm) when compared to (1.04 cm) obtained plantlets that were grown in 200 mM NaCl alone. Further, other growth parameters were almost doubled by adding 75 mg/L of Ag NPs to 200 mM NaCl when compared to 200 mM NaCl alone. Additionally, adding Ag NPs (especially at the 75 mg/L level) to the media improved total chlorophyll, protein, and ion content while also reducing proline when compared to the control, which indicated an improvement in microshoot tolerance to salt-stressing conditions. These results indicate that adding specific concentrations of Ag NPs improves the growth performance and stress tolerance of Q6 grown under salt-stressing conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/3099in vitrophysiological responsesquinoasalt stresssilver nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Rida Shibli Ruba Mohusaien Rund Abu-Zurayk Tamara Qudah Reham Tahtamouni Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing Conditions Water in vitro physiological responses quinoa salt stress silver nanoparticles |
| title | Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing Conditions |
| title_full | Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing Conditions |
| title_short | Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Boost Mitigation Powers of <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> (Q6 Line) Grown under In Vitro Salt-Stressing Conditions |
| title_sort | silver nanoparticles ag nps boost mitigation powers of i chenopodium quinoa i q6 line grown under in vitro salt stressing conditions |
| topic | in vitro physiological responses quinoa salt stress silver nanoparticles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/3099 |
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