A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam
Abstract Introduction Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Until now, there has been limited knowledge about risk factors of this disease in Vietnam. The study was carried out to identify agricultural and behavioral factors associated with the transmission of leptospirosis in Vietnam. Me...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07561-6 |
| _version_ | 1828469038132494336 |
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| author | Luu Phuong Dung Pham Thanh Hai Luong Minh Hoa Tran Ngoc Phuong Mai Nguyen Thi My Hanh Phan Dang Than Van Dinh Tran Nguyen Tu Quyet Hoang Hai Do Bich Ngoc Nguyen Thị Thu Le Thi Phuong Mai |
| author_facet | Luu Phuong Dung Pham Thanh Hai Luong Minh Hoa Tran Ngoc Phuong Mai Nguyen Thi My Hanh Phan Dang Than Van Dinh Tran Nguyen Tu Quyet Hoang Hai Do Bich Ngoc Nguyen Thị Thu Le Thi Phuong Mai |
| author_sort | Luu Phuong Dung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Until now, there has been limited knowledge about risk factors of this disease in Vietnam. The study was carried out to identify agricultural and behavioral factors associated with the transmission of leptospirosis in Vietnam. Methods This matched retrospective hospital-community-based case–control study was conducted from 1 October 2018 to 31 October 2019. We recruited cases from 11 selected government hospitals in three provinces of Vietnam, while controls were selected from the same communes of cases and matched by age (± 2 years) and sex. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were applied to determine confirmed cases, while only MAT was used to identify controls with a single high MAT titer < 1:100. Results 504 participants (252 cases and 252 controls) were identified. Cultivating (OR 2.83, CI 1.38–5.79), animal farming (OR 8.26, CI 2.24–30.52), pig owners (OR 10.48, CI 5.05–21.73), cat owners (OR 2.62, CI 1.49–4.61) and drinking unboiled water (OR 1.72, CI 1.14 –2.59, p = 0.010) were significantly associated with human leptospirosis in Vietnam. Hand washing after farming/ gardening (OR 0.57, CI 0.38–0.86, p = 0.007) and bathing after farming, gardening, contact with cattle and poultry (OR 0.33, CI 0.19–0.58, p = 0.000) were determined as protective factors for this disease. Conclusions In short, the case–control study has revealed the risks in agricultural and animal practices and protective behavioral factors related to human leptospirosis in Vietnam. The findings suggested promotion of communication and health education programs targeting health behaviors in daily life and agricultural practices. Using personal protective equipment such as gowns, gloves, and boots during agricultural practices, especially cultivating and animal farming, is most recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:33:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e10fde732fe4df985cbc18ab6c7dde4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:33:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e10fde732fe4df985cbc18ab6c7dde42022-12-22T01:20:49ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342022-06-012211810.1186/s12879-022-07561-6A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in VietnamLuu Phuong Dung0Pham Thanh Hai1Luong Minh Hoa2Tran Ngoc Phuong Mai3Nguyen Thi My Hanh4Phan Dang Than5Van Dinh Tran6Nguyen Tu Quyet7Hoang Hai8Do Bich Ngoc9Nguyen Thị Thu10Le Thi Phuong Mai11Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyHanoi Population and Family Planning BranchDepartment of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyAbstract Introduction Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Until now, there has been limited knowledge about risk factors of this disease in Vietnam. The study was carried out to identify agricultural and behavioral factors associated with the transmission of leptospirosis in Vietnam. Methods This matched retrospective hospital-community-based case–control study was conducted from 1 October 2018 to 31 October 2019. We recruited cases from 11 selected government hospitals in three provinces of Vietnam, while controls were selected from the same communes of cases and matched by age (± 2 years) and sex. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were applied to determine confirmed cases, while only MAT was used to identify controls with a single high MAT titer < 1:100. Results 504 participants (252 cases and 252 controls) were identified. Cultivating (OR 2.83, CI 1.38–5.79), animal farming (OR 8.26, CI 2.24–30.52), pig owners (OR 10.48, CI 5.05–21.73), cat owners (OR 2.62, CI 1.49–4.61) and drinking unboiled water (OR 1.72, CI 1.14 –2.59, p = 0.010) were significantly associated with human leptospirosis in Vietnam. Hand washing after farming/ gardening (OR 0.57, CI 0.38–0.86, p = 0.007) and bathing after farming, gardening, contact with cattle and poultry (OR 0.33, CI 0.19–0.58, p = 0.000) were determined as protective factors for this disease. Conclusions In short, the case–control study has revealed the risks in agricultural and animal practices and protective behavioral factors related to human leptospirosis in Vietnam. The findings suggested promotion of communication and health education programs targeting health behaviors in daily life and agricultural practices. Using personal protective equipment such as gowns, gloves, and boots during agricultural practices, especially cultivating and animal farming, is most recommended.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07561-6Human leptospirosisAgricultural factorsBehavior factorsRisk factorsVietnam |
| spellingShingle | Luu Phuong Dung Pham Thanh Hai Luong Minh Hoa Tran Ngoc Phuong Mai Nguyen Thi My Hanh Phan Dang Than Van Dinh Tran Nguyen Tu Quyet Hoang Hai Do Bich Ngoc Nguyen Thị Thu Le Thi Phuong Mai A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam BMC Infectious Diseases Human leptospirosis Agricultural factors Behavior factors Risk factors Vietnam |
| title | A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam |
| title_full | A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam |
| title_fullStr | A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam |
| title_full_unstemmed | A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam |
| title_short | A case–control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam |
| title_sort | case control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in vietnam |
| topic | Human leptospirosis Agricultural factors Behavior factors Risk factors Vietnam |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07561-6 |
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