A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automation
<p>We developed an advanced-design programmable rainfall simulator (RS) to simulate a moving storm rainfall condition. The RS consists of an automated nozzle control system coupled with a pressure regulator mechanism for an operating range of 50 to 180 kPa at a drop height of 2000 mm above the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/26/4379/2022/hess-26-4379-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811283423628623872 |
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| author | R. K. Meena S. Sen A. Nanda B. Dass A. Mishra |
| author_facet | R. K. Meena S. Sen A. Nanda B. Dass A. Mishra |
| author_sort | R. K. Meena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>We developed an advanced-design programmable rainfall simulator (RS) to simulate a moving storm rainfall condition. The RS consists of an automated nozzle control system coupled with a pressure regulator mechanism for an operating range of 50 to 180 kPa at a drop height of 2000 mm above the soil flume surface. Additionally, a programmable mobile application was developed to regulate all RS valves. Near natural rainfall conditions were simulated at varying spatial and temporal resolutions in a controlled environment. A soil flume of 2500 mm <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 1400 mm <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 500 mm was fabricated to conduct different hydrological experiments. The flume was designed to record overland, subsurface, and baseflows simultaneously. This study focused on a detailed analysis of moving storms and their impact on hydrograph characteristics. Experimental results showed a considerable difference in terms of time to peak (<span class="inline-formula"><i>t</i><sub>p</sub></span>), peak discharge (<span class="inline-formula"><i>Q</i><sub>p</sub></span>), and hydrograph recession for two different storm movement directions (upstream and downstream). Two multiple regression models indicate a statistically significant relationship between the dependent variable (<span class="inline-formula"><i>t</i><sub>p</sub></span> or <span class="inline-formula"><i>Q</i><sub>p</sub></span>) and the independent variables (i.e. storm movement direction, storm velocity, and bed slope gradient) at a 5 % level of significance. Further, the impact of these moving storm phenomena reduces with the increase in the storm movement velocity.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:12:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e17db15c20647009da009c32428a882 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1027-5606 1607-7938 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:12:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e17db15c20647009da009c32428a8822022-12-22T03:07:16ZengCopernicus PublicationsHydrology and Earth System Sciences1027-56061607-79382022-08-01264379439010.5194/hess-26-4379-2022A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automationR. K. Meena0S. Sen1A. Nanda2B. Dass3A. Mishra4Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, IndiaDepartment of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, IndiaDepartment of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, IndiaDepartment of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, IndiaDSI, LLC, Washington, USA<p>We developed an advanced-design programmable rainfall simulator (RS) to simulate a moving storm rainfall condition. The RS consists of an automated nozzle control system coupled with a pressure regulator mechanism for an operating range of 50 to 180 kPa at a drop height of 2000 mm above the soil flume surface. Additionally, a programmable mobile application was developed to regulate all RS valves. Near natural rainfall conditions were simulated at varying spatial and temporal resolutions in a controlled environment. A soil flume of 2500 mm <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 1400 mm <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 500 mm was fabricated to conduct different hydrological experiments. The flume was designed to record overland, subsurface, and baseflows simultaneously. This study focused on a detailed analysis of moving storms and their impact on hydrograph characteristics. Experimental results showed a considerable difference in terms of time to peak (<span class="inline-formula"><i>t</i><sub>p</sub></span>), peak discharge (<span class="inline-formula"><i>Q</i><sub>p</sub></span>), and hydrograph recession for two different storm movement directions (upstream and downstream). Two multiple regression models indicate a statistically significant relationship between the dependent variable (<span class="inline-formula"><i>t</i><sub>p</sub></span> or <span class="inline-formula"><i>Q</i><sub>p</sub></span>) and the independent variables (i.e. storm movement direction, storm velocity, and bed slope gradient) at a 5 % level of significance. Further, the impact of these moving storm phenomena reduces with the increase in the storm movement velocity.</p>https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/26/4379/2022/hess-26-4379-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | R. K. Meena S. Sen A. Nanda B. Dass A. Mishra A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automation Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| title | A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automation |
| title_full | A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automation |
| title_fullStr | A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automation |
| title_short | A contribution to rainfall simulator design – a concept of moving storm automation |
| title_sort | contribution to rainfall simulator design a concept of moving storm automation |
| url | https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/26/4379/2022/hess-26-4379-2022.pdf |
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