Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and Arabinogalactan
Reared rainbow trout are vulnerable to environmental stressors, in particular seasonal water warming, which affects fish welfare and growth and induces a temperature response, which involves modifications in tissue lipid profiles. Dietary supplements of plant origin, including the studied mix of a f...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/1/94 |
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| author | Natalia N. Fokina Irina V. Sukhovskaya Nadezhda P. Kantserova Liudmila A. Lysenko |
| author_facet | Natalia N. Fokina Irina V. Sukhovskaya Nadezhda P. Kantserova Liudmila A. Lysenko |
| author_sort | Natalia N. Fokina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reared rainbow trout are vulnerable to environmental stressors, in particular seasonal water warming, which affects fish welfare and growth and induces a temperature response, which involves modifications in tissue lipid profiles. Dietary supplements of plant origin, including the studied mix of a flavonoid, dihydroquercetin and a polysaccharide, arabinogalactan (25 and 50 mg per 1 kg of feed, respectively), extracted from larch wood waste, were shown to facilitate stress tolerance in fish and also to be beneficial for the safety of natural ecosystems and the sustainability of aquaculture production. This four-month feeding trial aimed to determine the effects of the supplement on liver and muscle lipid accumulation and the composition in rainbow trout reared under environmental variables. During periods of environmental optimum for trout, a consistent increase in energy lipid stores, particularly triacylglycerols (2.18 vs. 1.49-fold over a growing season), and an overall increase in lipid saturation due to lower levels of PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) and arachidonic (20:4n-6) acids, were observed in both control and supplement-fed fish, respectively. However, in fish stressed by an increase in ambient temperature, dietary supplementation with dihydroquercetin and arabinogalactan reduced mortality (3.65 in control vs. 2.88% in supplement-fed fish, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and alleviated the high-temperature-induced inhibition of lipid accumulation. It also stabilised the membrane phospholipid ratio and moderated the fatty acid composition of fish muscle and liver, resulting in higher levels of n-3 PUFAs and their precursors. Thus, the natural compounds tested are beneficial in accelerating fish tolerance to environmental stressors, reducing mortality and thermal response, and moderately improving fillet quality attributes by increasing the protein/lipid ratio and the abundance of fatty acids essential for human nutrition. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2e25d3247dea4f54af8ec5518eaf45bd2024-01-10T14:50:17ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-12-011419410.3390/ani14010094Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and ArabinogalactanNatalia N. Fokina0Irina V. Sukhovskaya1Nadezhda P. Kantserova2Liudmila A. Lysenko3Laboratory of Environmental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910 Petrozavodsk, RussiaLaboratory of Environmental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910 Petrozavodsk, RussiaLaboratory of Environmental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910 Petrozavodsk, RussiaLaboratory of Environmental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910 Petrozavodsk, RussiaReared rainbow trout are vulnerable to environmental stressors, in particular seasonal water warming, which affects fish welfare and growth and induces a temperature response, which involves modifications in tissue lipid profiles. Dietary supplements of plant origin, including the studied mix of a flavonoid, dihydroquercetin and a polysaccharide, arabinogalactan (25 and 50 mg per 1 kg of feed, respectively), extracted from larch wood waste, were shown to facilitate stress tolerance in fish and also to be beneficial for the safety of natural ecosystems and the sustainability of aquaculture production. This four-month feeding trial aimed to determine the effects of the supplement on liver and muscle lipid accumulation and the composition in rainbow trout reared under environmental variables. During periods of environmental optimum for trout, a consistent increase in energy lipid stores, particularly triacylglycerols (2.18 vs. 1.49-fold over a growing season), and an overall increase in lipid saturation due to lower levels of PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) and arachidonic (20:4n-6) acids, were observed in both control and supplement-fed fish, respectively. However, in fish stressed by an increase in ambient temperature, dietary supplementation with dihydroquercetin and arabinogalactan reduced mortality (3.65 in control vs. 2.88% in supplement-fed fish, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and alleviated the high-temperature-induced inhibition of lipid accumulation. It also stabilised the membrane phospholipid ratio and moderated the fatty acid composition of fish muscle and liver, resulting in higher levels of n-3 PUFAs and their precursors. Thus, the natural compounds tested are beneficial in accelerating fish tolerance to environmental stressors, reducing mortality and thermal response, and moderately improving fillet quality attributes by increasing the protein/lipid ratio and the abundance of fatty acids essential for human nutrition.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/1/94rainbow troutdietary supplementtemperature responselipid storefillet composition |
| spellingShingle | Natalia N. Fokina Irina V. Sukhovskaya Nadezhda P. Kantserova Liudmila A. Lysenko Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and Arabinogalactan Animals rainbow trout dietary supplement temperature response lipid store fillet composition |
| title | Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and Arabinogalactan |
| title_full | Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and Arabinogalactan |
| title_fullStr | Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and Arabinogalactan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and Arabinogalactan |
| title_short | Tissue Lipid Profiles of Rainbow Trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Cultivated under Environmental Variables on a Diet Supplemented with Dihydroquercetin and Arabinogalactan |
| title_sort | tissue lipid profiles of rainbow trout i oncorhynchus mykiss i cultivated under environmental variables on a diet supplemented with dihydroquercetin and arabinogalactan |
| topic | rainbow trout dietary supplement temperature response lipid store fillet composition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/1/94 |
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