The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood
The risk for non-communicable diseases in adulthood can be programmed by early nutrition. This programming is mediated by changes in expression of key genes in various metabolic pathways during development, which persist into adulthood. These developmental modifications of genes are due to epigeneti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3290 |
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| author | Raniru S. Randunu Robert F. Bertolo |
| author_facet | Raniru S. Randunu Robert F. Bertolo |
| author_sort | Raniru S. Randunu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The risk for non-communicable diseases in adulthood can be programmed by early nutrition. This programming is mediated by changes in expression of key genes in various metabolic pathways during development, which persist into adulthood. These developmental modifications of genes are due to epigenetic alterations in DNA methylation patterns. Recent studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation can be affected by maternal or early postnatal diets. Because methyl groups for methylation reactions come from methionine cycle nutrients (i.e., methionine, choline, betaine, folate), deficiency or supplementation of these methyl nutrients can directly change epigenetic regulation of genes permanently. Although many studies have described the early programming of adult diseases by maternal and infant nutrition, this review discusses studies that have associated early dietary methyl nutrient manipulation with direct effects on epigenetic patterns that could lead to chronic diseases in adulthood. The maternal supply of methyl nutrients during gestation and lactation can alter epigenetics, but programming effects vary depending on the timing of dietary intervention, the type of methyl nutrient manipulated, and the tissue responsible for the phenotype. Moreover, the postnatal manipulation of methyl nutrients can program epigenetics, but more research is needed on whether this approach can rescue maternally programmed offspring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:00:06Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:00:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e39b34adfc14211b4c0694368ed5c912023-11-19T23:35:50ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-05-01219329010.3390/ijms21093290The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in AdulthoodRaniru S. Randunu0Robert F. Bertolo1Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, CanadaDepartment of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, CanadaThe risk for non-communicable diseases in adulthood can be programmed by early nutrition. This programming is mediated by changes in expression of key genes in various metabolic pathways during development, which persist into adulthood. These developmental modifications of genes are due to epigenetic alterations in DNA methylation patterns. Recent studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation can be affected by maternal or early postnatal diets. Because methyl groups for methylation reactions come from methionine cycle nutrients (i.e., methionine, choline, betaine, folate), deficiency or supplementation of these methyl nutrients can directly change epigenetic regulation of genes permanently. Although many studies have described the early programming of adult diseases by maternal and infant nutrition, this review discusses studies that have associated early dietary methyl nutrient manipulation with direct effects on epigenetic patterns that could lead to chronic diseases in adulthood. The maternal supply of methyl nutrients during gestation and lactation can alter epigenetics, but programming effects vary depending on the timing of dietary intervention, the type of methyl nutrient manipulated, and the tissue responsible for the phenotype. Moreover, the postnatal manipulation of methyl nutrients can program epigenetics, but more research is needed on whether this approach can rescue maternally programmed offspring.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3290developmental origins of adult diseaseepigeneticsDNA methylationmethyl nutrientsmethioninecholine |
| spellingShingle | Raniru S. Randunu Robert F. Bertolo The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood International Journal of Molecular Sciences developmental origins of adult disease epigenetics DNA methylation methyl nutrients methionine choline |
| title | The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood |
| title_full | The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood |
| title_short | The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood |
| title_sort | effects of maternal and postnatal dietary methyl nutrients on epigenetic changes that lead to non communicable diseases in adulthood |
| topic | developmental origins of adult disease epigenetics DNA methylation methyl nutrients methionine choline |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3290 |
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