Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancer
Abstract Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is defined as a type of circular DNA that exists widely in nature and is independent of chromosomes. EccDNA has attracted the attention of researchers due to its broad, random distribution, complex biogenesis and tumor-relevant functions. EccDNA can ca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Biomarker Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-022-00399-9 |
| _version_ | 1828778379778719744 |
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| author | Ruomeng Li Ying Wang Jing Li Xikun Zhou |
| author_facet | Ruomeng Li Ying Wang Jing Li Xikun Zhou |
| author_sort | Ruomeng Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is defined as a type of circular DNA that exists widely in nature and is independent of chromosomes. EccDNA has attracted the attention of researchers due to its broad, random distribution, complex biogenesis and tumor-relevant functions. EccDNA can carry complete gene information, especially the oncogenic driver genes that are often carried in tumors, with increased copy number and high transcriptional activity. The high overexpression of oncogenes by eccDNA leads to malignant growth of tumors. Regardless, the exact generation and functional mechanisms of eccDNA in disease progression are not yet clear. There is, however, an emerging body of evidence characterizing that eccDNA can be generated from multiple pathways, including DNA damage repair pathways, breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) mechanisms, chromothripsis and cell apoptosis, and participates in the regulation of tumor progression with multiplex functions. This up-to-date review summarizes and discusses the origins, biogenesis and functions of eccDNA, including its contribution to the formation of oncogene instability and mutations, the heterogeneity and cellular senescence of tumor cells, and the proinflammatory response of tumors. We highlight the possible cancer-related applications of eccDNA, such as its potential use in the diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:41:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e4843e632db4a6e90210fe89de9c09d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-7771 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:41:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomarker Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e4843e632db4a6e90210fe89de9c09d2022-12-22T00:58:19ZengBMCBiomarker Research2050-77712022-07-0110111310.1186/s40364-022-00399-9Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancerRuomeng Li0Ying Wang1Jing Li2Xikun Zhou3State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyAbstract Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is defined as a type of circular DNA that exists widely in nature and is independent of chromosomes. EccDNA has attracted the attention of researchers due to its broad, random distribution, complex biogenesis and tumor-relevant functions. EccDNA can carry complete gene information, especially the oncogenic driver genes that are often carried in tumors, with increased copy number and high transcriptional activity. The high overexpression of oncogenes by eccDNA leads to malignant growth of tumors. Regardless, the exact generation and functional mechanisms of eccDNA in disease progression are not yet clear. There is, however, an emerging body of evidence characterizing that eccDNA can be generated from multiple pathways, including DNA damage repair pathways, breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) mechanisms, chromothripsis and cell apoptosis, and participates in the regulation of tumor progression with multiplex functions. This up-to-date review summarizes and discusses the origins, biogenesis and functions of eccDNA, including its contribution to the formation of oncogene instability and mutations, the heterogeneity and cellular senescence of tumor cells, and the proinflammatory response of tumors. We highlight the possible cancer-related applications of eccDNA, such as its potential use in the diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of cancer.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-022-00399-9eccDNACancerApoptosisProinflammatory responseCellular senescence |
| spellingShingle | Ruomeng Li Ying Wang Jing Li Xikun Zhou Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancer Biomarker Research eccDNA Cancer Apoptosis Proinflammatory response Cellular senescence |
| title | Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancer |
| title_full | Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancer |
| title_fullStr | Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancer |
| title_short | Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): an emerging star in cancer |
| title_sort | extrachromosomal circular dna eccdna an emerging star in cancer |
| topic | eccDNA Cancer Apoptosis Proinflammatory response Cellular senescence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-022-00399-9 |
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