Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein Modifications
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in cell signaling and they are often deregulated in disease. This review addresses recent advances in the development of heterobifunctional small molecules that enable targeting or hijacking PTMs. This emerging field is spearheaded by pro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/690 |
| _version_ | 1797438301735485440 |
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| author | Pascal Heitel |
| author_facet | Pascal Heitel |
| author_sort | Pascal Heitel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in cell signaling and they are often deregulated in disease. This review addresses recent advances in the development of heterobifunctional small molecules that enable targeting or hijacking PTMs. This emerging field is spearheaded by proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), that induce ubiquitination of their targets and, thus, tag them for degradation by the proteasome. Within the last decade, several improvements have been made to enhance spatiotemporal control of PROTAC-induced degradation as well as cell permeability. Inspired by the success story of PROTACs, additional concepts based on chimeric small molecules have emerged such as phosphatase-recruiting chimeras (PhoRCs). Herein, an overview of strategies causing (de-)phosphorylation, deubiquitination as well as acetylation is provided, and the opportunities and challenges of heterobifunctional molecules for drug discovery are highlighted. Although significant progress has been achieved, a plethora of PTMs have not yet been covered and PTM-inducing chimeras will be helpful tools for chemical biology and could even find application in pharmacotherapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:34:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e4866a0073c4a14ae135d30b5b0d869 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:34:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e4866a0073c4a14ae135d30b5b0d8692023-11-30T23:43:23ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128269010.3390/molecules28020690Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein ModificationsPascal Heitel0Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UKPosttranslational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in cell signaling and they are often deregulated in disease. This review addresses recent advances in the development of heterobifunctional small molecules that enable targeting or hijacking PTMs. This emerging field is spearheaded by proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), that induce ubiquitination of their targets and, thus, tag them for degradation by the proteasome. Within the last decade, several improvements have been made to enhance spatiotemporal control of PROTAC-induced degradation as well as cell permeability. Inspired by the success story of PROTACs, additional concepts based on chimeric small molecules have emerged such as phosphatase-recruiting chimeras (PhoRCs). Herein, an overview of strategies causing (de-)phosphorylation, deubiquitination as well as acetylation is provided, and the opportunities and challenges of heterobifunctional molecules for drug discovery are highlighted. Although significant progress has been achieved, a plethora of PTMs have not yet been covered and PTM-inducing chimeras will be helpful tools for chemical biology and could even find application in pharmacotherapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/690heterobifunctional moleculesproximity-inducing chimerastargeted protein modificationconditional protein degradation |
| spellingShingle | Pascal Heitel Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein Modifications Molecules heterobifunctional molecules proximity-inducing chimeras targeted protein modification conditional protein degradation |
| title | Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein Modifications |
| title_full | Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein Modifications |
| title_fullStr | Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein Modifications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein Modifications |
| title_short | Emerging TACnology: Heterobifunctional Small Molecule Inducers of Targeted Posttranslational Protein Modifications |
| title_sort | emerging tacnology heterobifunctional small molecule inducers of targeted posttranslational protein modifications |
| topic | heterobifunctional molecules proximity-inducing chimeras targeted protein modification conditional protein degradation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/690 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pascalheitel emergingtacnologyheterobifunctionalsmallmoleculeinducersoftargetedposttranslationalproteinmodifications |