Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis
Epidemiological studies have shown high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence among chronic opioid users. Opioid receptors are found on multiple immune cells and immunomodulatory properties of opioids could be a contributory factor for ensuing immunosuppression and development or reactivation of TB. Toll-lik...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265511/full |
| _version_ | 1797650607396356096 |
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| author | Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi SMN Hansanie Neesha Rockwood Neesha Rockwood Leon Gerard D'Cruz Leon Gerard D'Cruz |
| author_facet | Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi SMN Hansanie Neesha Rockwood Neesha Rockwood Leon Gerard D'Cruz Leon Gerard D'Cruz |
| author_sort | Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epidemiological studies have shown high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence among chronic opioid users. Opioid receptors are found on multiple immune cells and immunomodulatory properties of opioids could be a contributory factor for ensuing immunosuppression and development or reactivation of TB. Toll-like receptors (TLR) mediate an immune response against microbial pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterial antigens and opioids co-stimulate TLRs 2/4/9 in immune cells, with resulting receptor cross-talk via multiple cytosolic secondary messengers, leading to significant immunomodulatory downstream effects. Blockade of specific immune pathways involved in the host defence against TB by morphine may play a critical role in causing tuberculosis among chronic morphine users despite multiple confounding factors such as socioeconomic deprivation, Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and malnutrition. In this review, we map out immune pathways involved when immune cells are co-stimulated with mycobacterial antigens and morphine to explore a potential immunopathological basis for TB amongst long-term opioid users. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:03:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e52376047594a6bbdf68c04f38ea660 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:03:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e52376047594a6bbdf68c04f38ea6602023-10-25T06:15:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-10-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.12655111265511Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosisVipula R. Bataduwaarachchi0Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi1SMN Hansanie2Neesha Rockwood3Neesha Rockwood4Leon Gerard D'Cruz5Leon Gerard D'Cruz6Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri LankaResearch and Innovation Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United KingdomDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri LankaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri LankaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomResearch and Innovation Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United KingdomSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United KingdomEpidemiological studies have shown high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence among chronic opioid users. Opioid receptors are found on multiple immune cells and immunomodulatory properties of opioids could be a contributory factor for ensuing immunosuppression and development or reactivation of TB. Toll-like receptors (TLR) mediate an immune response against microbial pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterial antigens and opioids co-stimulate TLRs 2/4/9 in immune cells, with resulting receptor cross-talk via multiple cytosolic secondary messengers, leading to significant immunomodulatory downstream effects. Blockade of specific immune pathways involved in the host defence against TB by morphine may play a critical role in causing tuberculosis among chronic morphine users despite multiple confounding factors such as socioeconomic deprivation, Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and malnutrition. In this review, we map out immune pathways involved when immune cells are co-stimulated with mycobacterial antigens and morphine to explore a potential immunopathological basis for TB amongst long-term opioid users.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265511/fullimmunopathogenesis of tuberculosismorphineopioidsopioid receptorstoll-like receptorsimmunosuppression |
| spellingShingle | Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi SMN Hansanie Neesha Rockwood Neesha Rockwood Leon Gerard D'Cruz Leon Gerard D'Cruz Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis Frontiers in Immunology immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis morphine opioids opioid receptors toll-like receptors immunosuppression |
| title | Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis |
| title_full | Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis |
| title_fullStr | Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis |
| title_short | Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis |
| title_sort | immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis |
| topic | immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis morphine opioids opioid receptors toll-like receptors immunosuppression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265511/full |
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