Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both Chromosomes
<i>Vibrio natriegens</i> is the fastest-growing bacterium, with a doubling time of approximately 12–14 min. It has a high potential for basic research and biotechnological applications, e.g., it can be used for the cell-free production of (labeled) heterologous proteins, for synthetic bi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1437 |
| _version_ | 1797589160875261952 |
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| author | Patrik Brück Daniel Wasser Jörg Soppa |
| author_facet | Patrik Brück Daniel Wasser Jörg Soppa |
| author_sort | Patrik Brück |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Vibrio natriegens</i> is the fastest-growing bacterium, with a doubling time of approximately 12–14 min. It has a high potential for basic research and biotechnological applications, e.g., it can be used for the cell-free production of (labeled) heterologous proteins, for synthetic biological applications, and for the production of various compounds. However, the ploidy level in <i>V. natriegens</i> remains unknown. At nine time points throughout the growth curve, we analyzed the numbers of origins and termini of both chromosomes with qPCR and the relative abundances of all genomic sites with marker frequency analyses. During the lag phase until early exponential growth, the origin copy number and origin/terminus ratio of chromosome 1 increased severalfold, but the increase was lower for chromosome 2. This increase was paralleled by an increase in cell volume. During the exponential phase, the origin/terminus ratio and cell volume decreased again. This highly dynamic and fast regulation has not yet been described for any other species. In this study, the gene dosage increase in origin-adjacent genes during the lag phase is discussed together with the nonrandom distribution of genes on the chromosomes of <i>V. natriegens</i>. Taken together, the results of this study provide the first comprehensive overview of the chromosome dynamics in <i>V. natriegens</i> and will guide the optimization of molecular biological characterization and biotechnological applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:02:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e629a8395b24e318599b0af3ecf2736 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:02:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e629a8395b24e318599b0af3ecf27362023-11-18T19:30:27ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-07-01147143710.3390/genes14071437Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both ChromosomesPatrik Brück0Daniel Wasser1Jörg Soppa2Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, GermanyInstitute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, GermanyInstitute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany<i>Vibrio natriegens</i> is the fastest-growing bacterium, with a doubling time of approximately 12–14 min. It has a high potential for basic research and biotechnological applications, e.g., it can be used for the cell-free production of (labeled) heterologous proteins, for synthetic biological applications, and for the production of various compounds. However, the ploidy level in <i>V. natriegens</i> remains unknown. At nine time points throughout the growth curve, we analyzed the numbers of origins and termini of both chromosomes with qPCR and the relative abundances of all genomic sites with marker frequency analyses. During the lag phase until early exponential growth, the origin copy number and origin/terminus ratio of chromosome 1 increased severalfold, but the increase was lower for chromosome 2. This increase was paralleled by an increase in cell volume. During the exponential phase, the origin/terminus ratio and cell volume decreased again. This highly dynamic and fast regulation has not yet been described for any other species. In this study, the gene dosage increase in origin-adjacent genes during the lag phase is discussed together with the nonrandom distribution of genes on the chromosomes of <i>V. natriegens</i>. Taken together, the results of this study provide the first comprehensive overview of the chromosome dynamics in <i>V. natriegens</i> and will guide the optimization of molecular biological characterization and biotechnological applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1437<i>Vibrio natriegens</i>ploidypolyploidychromosome copy numbercell sizecell volume |
| spellingShingle | Patrik Brück Daniel Wasser Jörg Soppa Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both Chromosomes Genes <i>Vibrio natriegens</i> ploidy polyploidy chromosome copy number cell size cell volume |
| title | Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both Chromosomes |
| title_full | Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both Chromosomes |
| title_fullStr | Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both Chromosomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both Chromosomes |
| title_short | Ploidy in <i>Vibrio natriegens</i>: Very Dynamic and Rapidly Changing Copy Numbers of Both Chromosomes |
| title_sort | ploidy in i vibrio natriegens i very dynamic and rapidly changing copy numbers of both chromosomes |
| topic | <i>Vibrio natriegens</i> ploidy polyploidy chromosome copy number cell size cell volume |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1437 |
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