Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Antimicrobial resistance represents a serious problem, and it may be life-threatening in the case of severe hospital-acquired infections (HAI). Antibiotic abuse and multidrug resistance (MDR) have significantly increased this burden in the last decades....
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/9/1257 |
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| author | Patrizia Nardulli Gabriel Gustafsson Hall Alessandro Quarta Giovanni Fruscio Mariarita Laforgia Vito M. Garrisi Roberta Ruggiero Salvatore Scacco Danila De Vito |
| author_facet | Patrizia Nardulli Gabriel Gustafsson Hall Alessandro Quarta Giovanni Fruscio Mariarita Laforgia Vito M. Garrisi Roberta Ruggiero Salvatore Scacco Danila De Vito |
| author_sort | Patrizia Nardulli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Antimicrobial resistance represents a serious problem, and it may be life-threatening in the case of severe hospital-acquired infections (HAI). Antibiotic abuse and multidrug resistance (MDR) have significantly increased this burden in the last decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and susceptibility rates of five selected bacterial species (<i>E. coli</i>, <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. faecium</i>) in two healthcare settings located in the Apulia region (Italy). <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Setting n.1 was a university hospital and setting n.2 was a research institute working on oncological patients. All the enrolled patients were diagnosed for bacterial HAI. The observation period was between August and September 2021. Clinical samples were obtained from several biological sources, in different hospital wards. Bacterial identification and susceptibility were tested by using the software VITEC 2 Single system. <i>Results</i>: In this study, a higher incidence of multi-drug-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> was reported (42,2% in setting n.1 and 50% in setting n.2), with respect to the Italian 2019 statistics report (30.3%). All the isolates of <i>E. faecium</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were susceptible to linezolid. All the bacterial isolates of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and most of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> were susceptible to ceftazidime–avibactam. Amikacin and nitrofurantoin represented a good option for treating <i>E. coli</i> infections. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) and <i>vancomycin-resistant</i><i>E. faecium</i> (VRE) had a lower incidence in the clinical setting, with respect to <i>E. coli</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae. Conclusions</i>: The data obtained in this study can support clinicians towards a rational and safe use of antibiotics for treating the infections caused by these resistant strains, to enhance the overall efficacy of the current antibiotic protocols used in the main healthcare environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:13:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e6d4429f79c4bd2b4c5eeb66018a0ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:13:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e6d4429f79c4bd2b4c5eeb66018a0ff2023-11-23T17:40:33ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442022-09-01589125710.3390/medicina58091257Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative StudyPatrizia Nardulli0Gabriel Gustafsson Hall1Alessandro Quarta2Giovanni Fruscio3Mariarita Laforgia4Vito M. Garrisi5Roberta Ruggiero6Salvatore Scacco7Danila De Vito8IRCCS Istituto Tumori “G. Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, ItalyVisby Hospital, Section of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, 62156 Visby, SwedenDLV System s.r.l., Research Section, Viale della Resistenza, 19, 87036 Quattromiglia, ItalyEnergent s.p.a., Research Section, Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00154 Roma, ItalyIRCCS Istituto Tumori “G. Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, ItalyIRCCS Istituto Tumori “G. Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, ItalyTecnologica s.r.l., Research Section, 88900 Crotone, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, ItalySchool of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Antimicrobial resistance represents a serious problem, and it may be life-threatening in the case of severe hospital-acquired infections (HAI). Antibiotic abuse and multidrug resistance (MDR) have significantly increased this burden in the last decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and susceptibility rates of five selected bacterial species (<i>E. coli</i>, <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. faecium</i>) in two healthcare settings located in the Apulia region (Italy). <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Setting n.1 was a university hospital and setting n.2 was a research institute working on oncological patients. All the enrolled patients were diagnosed for bacterial HAI. The observation period was between August and September 2021. Clinical samples were obtained from several biological sources, in different hospital wards. Bacterial identification and susceptibility were tested by using the software VITEC 2 Single system. <i>Results</i>: In this study, a higher incidence of multi-drug-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> was reported (42,2% in setting n.1 and 50% in setting n.2), with respect to the Italian 2019 statistics report (30.3%). All the isolates of <i>E. faecium</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were susceptible to linezolid. All the bacterial isolates of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and most of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> were susceptible to ceftazidime–avibactam. Amikacin and nitrofurantoin represented a good option for treating <i>E. coli</i> infections. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) and <i>vancomycin-resistant</i><i>E. faecium</i> (VRE) had a lower incidence in the clinical setting, with respect to <i>E. coli</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae. Conclusions</i>: The data obtained in this study can support clinicians towards a rational and safe use of antibiotics for treating the infections caused by these resistant strains, to enhance the overall efficacy of the current antibiotic protocols used in the main healthcare environments.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/9/1257antimicrobial resistancemultidrug resistanceantibioticsinfectionsbacterial isolatesclinical setting |
| spellingShingle | Patrizia Nardulli Gabriel Gustafsson Hall Alessandro Quarta Giovanni Fruscio Mariarita Laforgia Vito M. Garrisi Roberta Ruggiero Salvatore Scacco Danila De Vito Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study Medicina antimicrobial resistance multidrug resistance antibiotics infections bacterial isolates clinical setting |
| title | Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study |
| title_full | Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study |
| title_fullStr | Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study |
| title_short | Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study |
| title_sort | antibiotic abuse and antimicrobial resistance in hospital environment a retrospective observational comparative study |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance multidrug resistance antibiotics infections bacterial isolates clinical setting |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/9/1257 |
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