SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort
BackgroundInterleukin 6 (IL6) levels and SARS-CoV-2 viremia have been correlated with COVID-19 severity. The association over time between them has not been assessed in a prospective cohort. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viremia and time evolution of IL6 levels in a COV...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.855639/full |
| _version_ | 1828327936788267008 |
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| author | Emilia Roy-Vallejo Laura Cardeñoso Ana Triguero-Martínez Marta Chicot Llano Nelly Zurita Elena Ávalos Ana Barrios Julia Hernando Javier Ortiz Sebastián C. Rodríguez-García Marianela Ciudad Sañudo Celeste Marcos Elena García Castillo Leticia Fontán García-Rodrigo Begoña González Rosa Méndez Isabel Iturrate Ancor Sanz-García Almudena Villa Ana Sánchez-Azofra Begoña Quicios David Arribas Jesús Álvarez Rodríguez Pablo Patiño Marina Trigueros Miren Uriarte Alexandra Martín-Ramírez Cristina Arévalo Román José María Galván-Román Rosario García-Vicuña Julio Ancochea Cecilia Muñoz-Calleja Elena Fernández-Ruiz Rafael de la Cámara Carmen Suárez Fernández Isidoro González-Álvaro Diego A. Rodríguez-Serrano the PREDINMUN-COVID Group Jesús Sanz Pedro Casado Ángela Gutiérrez Azucena Bautista Pilar Hernández Nuria Ruiz Giménez Berta Moyano Paloma Gil María Jesús Delgado Pedro Parra Beatriz Sánchez Carmen Sáez Marta Fernández Rico Diego Domingo García Teresa Alarcón Cavero María Auxiliadora Semiglia Chong Ainhoa Gutiérrez Cobos Santos Castañeda Irene Llorente Eva G. Tomero Noelia García Castañeda Nuria Montes Cristina Dominguez Peña David Jiménez Jiménez Pablo Villamayor Alfonso Canabal Tamara Alonso Carolina Cisneros Claudia Valenzuela Francisco Javier García Pérez Rosa María Girón Javier Aspa Celeste Marcos M. del Perpetuo Socorro Churruca Enrique Zamora Adrián Martínez Mar Barrio Mayo Rosalina Henares Espi Francisco Sánchez-Madrid Enrique Martín Gayo Ildefonso Sánchez-Cerrillo Ana Marcos Jimenez Pedro Martínez-Fleta Celia López-Sanz Ligia Gabrie Luciana del Campo Guerola Reyes Tejedor Rosa Carracedo Rodríguez |
| author_facet | Emilia Roy-Vallejo Laura Cardeñoso Ana Triguero-Martínez Marta Chicot Llano Nelly Zurita Elena Ávalos Ana Barrios Julia Hernando Javier Ortiz Sebastián C. Rodríguez-García Marianela Ciudad Sañudo Celeste Marcos Elena García Castillo Leticia Fontán García-Rodrigo Begoña González Rosa Méndez Isabel Iturrate Ancor Sanz-García Almudena Villa Ana Sánchez-Azofra Begoña Quicios David Arribas Jesús Álvarez Rodríguez Pablo Patiño Marina Trigueros Miren Uriarte Alexandra Martín-Ramírez Cristina Arévalo Román José María Galván-Román Rosario García-Vicuña Julio Ancochea Cecilia Muñoz-Calleja Elena Fernández-Ruiz Rafael de la Cámara Carmen Suárez Fernández Isidoro González-Álvaro Diego A. Rodríguez-Serrano the PREDINMUN-COVID Group Jesús Sanz Pedro Casado Ángela Gutiérrez Azucena Bautista Pilar Hernández Nuria Ruiz Giménez Berta Moyano Paloma Gil María Jesús Delgado Pedro Parra Beatriz Sánchez Carmen Sáez Marta Fernández Rico Diego Domingo García Teresa Alarcón Cavero María Auxiliadora Semiglia Chong Ainhoa Gutiérrez Cobos Santos Castañeda Irene Llorente Eva G. Tomero Noelia García Castañeda Nuria Montes Cristina Dominguez Peña David Jiménez Jiménez Pablo Villamayor Alfonso Canabal Tamara Alonso Carolina Cisneros Claudia Valenzuela Francisco Javier García Pérez Rosa María Girón Javier Aspa Celeste Marcos M. del Perpetuo Socorro Churruca Enrique Zamora Adrián Martínez Mar Barrio Mayo Rosalina Henares Espi Francisco Sánchez-Madrid Enrique Martín Gayo Ildefonso Sánchez-Cerrillo Ana Marcos Jimenez Pedro Martínez-Fleta Celia López-Sanz Ligia Gabrie Luciana del Campo Guerola Reyes Tejedor Rosa Carracedo Rodríguez |
| author_sort | Emilia Roy-Vallejo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundInterleukin 6 (IL6) levels and SARS-CoV-2 viremia have been correlated with COVID-19 severity. The association over time between them has not been assessed in a prospective cohort. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viremia and time evolution of IL6 levels in a COVID-19 prospective cohort.MethodsSecondary analysis from a prospective cohort including COVID-19 hospitalized patients from Hospital Universitario La Princesa between November 2020 and January 2021. Serial plasma samples were collected from admission until discharge. Viral load was quantified by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and IL6 levels with an enzyme immunoassay. To represent the evolution over time of both variables we used the graphic command twoway of Stata.ResultsA total of 57 patients were recruited, with median age of 63 years (IQR [53–81]), 61.4% male and 68.4% Caucasian. The peak of viremia appeared shortly after symptom onset in patients with persistent viremia (more than 1 sample with > 1.3 log10 copies/ml) and also in those with at least one IL6 > 30 pg/ml, followed by a progressive increase in IL6 around 10 days later. Persistent viremia in the first week of hospitalization was associated with higher levels of IL6. Both IL6 and SARS-CoV-2 viral load were higher in males, with a quicker increase with age.ConclusionIn those patients with worse outcomes, an early peak of SARS-CoV-2 viral load precedes an increase in IL6 levels. Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 viral load during the first week after symptom onset may be helpful to predict disease severity in COVID-19 patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:01:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e8c5c8c3fe4433d9e6a941239aec30c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:01:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e8c5c8c3fe4433d9e6a941239aec30c2022-12-22T02:32:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-06-01910.3389/fmed.2022.855639855639SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective CohortEmilia Roy-Vallejo0Laura Cardeñoso1Ana Triguero-Martínez2Marta Chicot Llano3Nelly Zurita4Elena Ávalos5Ana Barrios6Julia Hernando7Javier Ortiz8Sebastián C. Rodríguez-García9Marianela Ciudad Sañudo10Celeste Marcos11Elena García Castillo12Leticia Fontán García-Rodrigo13Begoña González14Rosa Méndez15Isabel Iturrate16Ancor Sanz-García17Almudena Villa18Ana Sánchez-Azofra19Begoña Quicios20David Arribas21Jesús Álvarez Rodríguez22Pablo Patiño23Marina Trigueros24Miren Uriarte25Alexandra Martín-Ramírez26Cristina Arévalo Román27José María Galván-Román28Rosario García-Vicuña29Julio Ancochea30Cecilia Muñoz-Calleja31Elena Fernández-Ruiz32Rafael de la Cámara33Carmen Suárez Fernández34Isidoro González-Álvaro35Diego A. Rodríguez-Serrano36the PREDINMUN-COVID GroupJesús Sanz37Pedro Casado38Ángela Gutiérrez39Azucena Bautista40Pilar Hernández41Nuria Ruiz Giménez42Berta Moyano43Paloma Gil44María Jesús Delgado45Pedro Parra46Beatriz Sánchez47Carmen Sáez48Marta Fernández Rico49Diego Domingo García50Teresa Alarcón Cavero51María Auxiliadora Semiglia Chong52Ainhoa Gutiérrez Cobos53Santos Castañeda54Irene Llorente55Eva G. Tomero56Noelia García Castañeda57Nuria Montes58Cristina Dominguez Peña59David Jiménez Jiménez60Pablo Villamayor61Alfonso Canabal62Tamara Alonso63Carolina Cisneros64Claudia Valenzuela65Francisco Javier García Pérez66Rosa María Girón67Javier Aspa68Celeste Marcos69M. del Perpetuo Socorro Churruca70Enrique Zamora71Adrián Martínez72Mar Barrio Mayo73Rosalina Henares Espi74Francisco Sánchez-Madrid75Enrique Martín Gayo76Ildefonso Sánchez-Cerrillo77Ana Marcos Jimenez78Pedro Martínez-Fleta79Celia López-Sanz80Ligia Gabrie81Luciana del Campo Guerola82Reyes Tejedor83Rosa Carracedo Rodríguez84Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Hematology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Hematology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainMethodology Unit, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS-IP, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain0Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Hematology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainIntensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Immunology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain0Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, SpainBackgroundInterleukin 6 (IL6) levels and SARS-CoV-2 viremia have been correlated with COVID-19 severity. The association over time between them has not been assessed in a prospective cohort. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viremia and time evolution of IL6 levels in a COVID-19 prospective cohort.MethodsSecondary analysis from a prospective cohort including COVID-19 hospitalized patients from Hospital Universitario La Princesa between November 2020 and January 2021. Serial plasma samples were collected from admission until discharge. Viral load was quantified by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and IL6 levels with an enzyme immunoassay. To represent the evolution over time of both variables we used the graphic command twoway of Stata.ResultsA total of 57 patients were recruited, with median age of 63 years (IQR [53–81]), 61.4% male and 68.4% Caucasian. The peak of viremia appeared shortly after symptom onset in patients with persistent viremia (more than 1 sample with > 1.3 log10 copies/ml) and also in those with at least one IL6 > 30 pg/ml, followed by a progressive increase in IL6 around 10 days later. Persistent viremia in the first week of hospitalization was associated with higher levels of IL6. Both IL6 and SARS-CoV-2 viral load were higher in males, with a quicker increase with age.ConclusionIn those patients with worse outcomes, an early peak of SARS-CoV-2 viral load precedes an increase in IL6 levels. Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 viral load during the first week after symptom onset may be helpful to predict disease severity in COVID-19 patients.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.855639/fullSARS-CoV-2viremiainterleukin 6 (IL-6)prognosisCOVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Emilia Roy-Vallejo Laura Cardeñoso Ana Triguero-Martínez Marta Chicot Llano Nelly Zurita Elena Ávalos Ana Barrios Julia Hernando Javier Ortiz Sebastián C. Rodríguez-García Marianela Ciudad Sañudo Celeste Marcos Elena García Castillo Leticia Fontán García-Rodrigo Begoña González Rosa Méndez Isabel Iturrate Ancor Sanz-García Almudena Villa Ana Sánchez-Azofra Begoña Quicios David Arribas Jesús Álvarez Rodríguez Pablo Patiño Marina Trigueros Miren Uriarte Alexandra Martín-Ramírez Cristina Arévalo Román José María Galván-Román Rosario García-Vicuña Julio Ancochea Cecilia Muñoz-Calleja Elena Fernández-Ruiz Rafael de la Cámara Carmen Suárez Fernández Isidoro González-Álvaro Diego A. Rodríguez-Serrano the PREDINMUN-COVID Group Jesús Sanz Pedro Casado Ángela Gutiérrez Azucena Bautista Pilar Hernández Nuria Ruiz Giménez Berta Moyano Paloma Gil María Jesús Delgado Pedro Parra Beatriz Sánchez Carmen Sáez Marta Fernández Rico Diego Domingo García Teresa Alarcón Cavero María Auxiliadora Semiglia Chong Ainhoa Gutiérrez Cobos Santos Castañeda Irene Llorente Eva G. Tomero Noelia García Castañeda Nuria Montes Cristina Dominguez Peña David Jiménez Jiménez Pablo Villamayor Alfonso Canabal Tamara Alonso Carolina Cisneros Claudia Valenzuela Francisco Javier García Pérez Rosa María Girón Javier Aspa Celeste Marcos M. del Perpetuo Socorro Churruca Enrique Zamora Adrián Martínez Mar Barrio Mayo Rosalina Henares Espi Francisco Sánchez-Madrid Enrique Martín Gayo Ildefonso Sánchez-Cerrillo Ana Marcos Jimenez Pedro Martínez-Fleta Celia López-Sanz Ligia Gabrie Luciana del Campo Guerola Reyes Tejedor Rosa Carracedo Rodríguez SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Frontiers in Medicine SARS-CoV-2 viremia interleukin 6 (IL-6) prognosis COVID-19 |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 Viremia Precedes an IL6 Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 viremia precedes an il6 response in severe covid 19 patients results of a longitudinal prospective cohort |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 viremia interleukin 6 (IL-6) prognosis COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.855639/full |
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sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT carolinacisneros sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT claudiavalenzuela sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT franciscojaviergarciaperez sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT rosamariagiron sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT javieraspa sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT celestemarcos sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT mdelperpetuosocorrochurruca sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT enriquezamora sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT adrianmartinez sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT marbarriomayo sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT rosalinahenaresespi sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT franciscosanchezmadrid sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT enriquemartingayo sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT ildefonsosanchezcerrillo sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT anamarcosjimenez sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT pedromartinezfleta sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT celialopezsanz sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT ligiagabrie sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT lucianadelcampoguerola sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT reyestejedor sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort AT rosacarracedorodriguez sarscov2viremiaprecedesanil6responseinseverecovid19patientsresultsofalongitudinalprospectivecohort |