What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review
Irritable bowel syndrome is a prototypical disorder of the brain–gut–microbiome axis, although the underlying pathogenesis and mechanisms remain incompletely understood. With the recent advances in ‘omics’ technologies, studies have attempted to uncover IBS-specific variations in the host–microbiome...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/4/484 |
| _version_ | 1797604363687952384 |
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| author | Qin Xiang Ng Chun En Yau Clyve Yu Leon Yaow Ryan Ian Houe Chong Nicolette Zy-Yin Chong Seth En Teoh Yu Liang Lim Alex Yu Sen Soh Wee Khoon Ng Julian Thumboo |
| author_facet | Qin Xiang Ng Chun En Yau Clyve Yu Leon Yaow Ryan Ian Houe Chong Nicolette Zy-Yin Chong Seth En Teoh Yu Liang Lim Alex Yu Sen Soh Wee Khoon Ng Julian Thumboo |
| author_sort | Qin Xiang Ng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Irritable bowel syndrome is a prototypical disorder of the brain–gut–microbiome axis, although the underlying pathogenesis and mechanisms remain incompletely understood. With the recent advances in ‘omics’ technologies, studies have attempted to uncover IBS-specific variations in the host–microbiome profile and function. However, no biomarker has been identified to date. Given the high inter-individual and day-to-day variability of the gut microbiota, and a lack of agreement across the large number of microbiome studies, this review focused on omics studies that had sampling at more than one time point. A systematic literature search was performed using various combinations of the search terms “Irritable Bowel Syndrome” and “Omics” in the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library up to 1 December 2022. A total of 16 original studies were reviewed. These multi-omics studies have implicated <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i>, <i>Ruminococcus</i> spp., and <i>Bifidobacteria</i> in IBS and treatment response, found altered metabolite profiles in serum, faecal, or urinary samples taken from IBS patients compared to the healthy controls, and revealed enrichment in the immune and inflammation-related pathways. They also demonstrated the possible therapeutic mechanisms of diet interventions, for example, synbiotics and low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol (FODMAP) diets on microbial metabolites. However, there was significant heterogeneity among the studies and no uniform characteristics of IBS-related gut microbiota. There is a need to further study these putative mechanisms and also ensure that they can be translated to therapeutic benefits for patients with IBS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:45:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e94d91de10e43e1828bc90459e18930 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:45:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e94d91de10e43e1828bc90459e189302023-11-17T20:24:07ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-03-0113448410.3390/metabo13040484What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic ReviewQin Xiang Ng0Chun En Yau1Clyve Yu Leon Yaow2Ryan Ian Houe Chong3Nicolette Zy-Yin Chong4Seth En Teoh5Yu Liang Lim6Alex Yu Sen Soh7Wee Khoon Ng8Julian Thumboo9Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, SingaporeNUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, SingaporeNUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, SingaporeNUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, SingaporeNUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, SingaporeNUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, SingaporeDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, SingaporeDepartment of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, 378 Alexandra Road, Singapore 159964, SingaporeDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, SingaporeHealth Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, SingaporeIrritable bowel syndrome is a prototypical disorder of the brain–gut–microbiome axis, although the underlying pathogenesis and mechanisms remain incompletely understood. With the recent advances in ‘omics’ technologies, studies have attempted to uncover IBS-specific variations in the host–microbiome profile and function. However, no biomarker has been identified to date. Given the high inter-individual and day-to-day variability of the gut microbiota, and a lack of agreement across the large number of microbiome studies, this review focused on omics studies that had sampling at more than one time point. A systematic literature search was performed using various combinations of the search terms “Irritable Bowel Syndrome” and “Omics” in the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library up to 1 December 2022. A total of 16 original studies were reviewed. These multi-omics studies have implicated <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i>, <i>Ruminococcus</i> spp., and <i>Bifidobacteria</i> in IBS and treatment response, found altered metabolite profiles in serum, faecal, or urinary samples taken from IBS patients compared to the healthy controls, and revealed enrichment in the immune and inflammation-related pathways. They also demonstrated the possible therapeutic mechanisms of diet interventions, for example, synbiotics and low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol (FODMAP) diets on microbial metabolites. However, there was significant heterogeneity among the studies and no uniform characteristics of IBS-related gut microbiota. There is a need to further study these putative mechanisms and also ensure that they can be translated to therapeutic benefits for patients with IBS.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/4/484irritable bowel syndromeomicsmetabolomicsmechanismsreview |
| spellingShingle | Qin Xiang Ng Chun En Yau Clyve Yu Leon Yaow Ryan Ian Houe Chong Nicolette Zy-Yin Chong Seth En Teoh Yu Liang Lim Alex Yu Sen Soh Wee Khoon Ng Julian Thumboo What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review Metabolites irritable bowel syndrome omics metabolomics mechanisms review |
| title | What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review |
| title_full | What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review |
| title_short | What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | what has longitudinal omics studies taught us about irritable bowel syndrome a systematic review |
| topic | irritable bowel syndrome omics metabolomics mechanisms review |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/4/484 |
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