The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide
Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was investigated in the marine diatom, Skeletonema marinoi (SM), exposed to 2E,4E/Z-decadienal (DECA), 2E,4E/Z-octadienal (OCTA), 2E,4E/Z-heptadienal (HEPTA) and a mix of these last two (MIX). When exposed to polyunsaturated aldehydes (...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2014-07-01
|
| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/12/7/4165 |
| _version_ | 1811307098803273728 |
|---|---|
| author | Alessandra A. Gallina Christophe Brunet Anna Palumbo Raffaella Casotti |
| author_facet | Alessandra A. Gallina Christophe Brunet Anna Palumbo Raffaella Casotti |
| author_sort | Alessandra A. Gallina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was investigated in the marine diatom, Skeletonema marinoi (SM), exposed to 2E,4E/Z-decadienal (DECA), 2E,4E/Z-octadienal (OCTA), 2E,4E/Z-heptadienal (HEPTA) and a mix of these last two (MIX). When exposed to polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA), a decrease of NO was observed, proportional to the PUA concentration (85% of the initial level after 180 min with 66 µM DECA). Only OCTA, HEPTA and MIX induced a parallel increase of ROS, the highest (2.9-times the control) with OCTA concentrations twice the EC50 for growth at 24 h (20 μM). The synthesis of carotenoids belonging to the xanthophyll cycle (XC) was enhanced during exposure, suggesting their antioxidant activity. Our data provide evidence that specific pathways exist as a reaction to PUA and that they depend upon the PUA used and/or the diatom species. In fact, Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) produces NO in response to DECA, but not to OCTA. We advance the hypothesis that SM perceives OCTA and HEPTA as intra-population infochemicals (as it produces PUA), while PT (non-PUA producing species) perceives them as allelochemicals. The ability to produce and to use PUA as infochemicals may underlie ecological traits of different diatom species and modulate ecological success in natural communities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:58:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2e984218b2ff4631b4fe5e538956a4da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:58:03Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-2e984218b2ff4631b4fe5e538956a4da2022-12-22T02:53:14ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972014-07-011274165418710.3390/md12074165md12074165The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric OxideAlessandra A. Gallina0Christophe Brunet1Anna Palumbo2Raffaella Casotti3Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn di Napoli, Villa Comunale, Napoli I80121, ItalyStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn di Napoli, Villa Comunale, Napoli I80121, ItalyStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn di Napoli, Villa Comunale, Napoli I80121, ItalyStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn di Napoli, Villa Comunale, Napoli I80121, ItalyNitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was investigated in the marine diatom, Skeletonema marinoi (SM), exposed to 2E,4E/Z-decadienal (DECA), 2E,4E/Z-octadienal (OCTA), 2E,4E/Z-heptadienal (HEPTA) and a mix of these last two (MIX). When exposed to polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA), a decrease of NO was observed, proportional to the PUA concentration (85% of the initial level after 180 min with 66 µM DECA). Only OCTA, HEPTA and MIX induced a parallel increase of ROS, the highest (2.9-times the control) with OCTA concentrations twice the EC50 for growth at 24 h (20 μM). The synthesis of carotenoids belonging to the xanthophyll cycle (XC) was enhanced during exposure, suggesting their antioxidant activity. Our data provide evidence that specific pathways exist as a reaction to PUA and that they depend upon the PUA used and/or the diatom species. In fact, Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) produces NO in response to DECA, but not to OCTA. We advance the hypothesis that SM perceives OCTA and HEPTA as intra-population infochemicals (as it produces PUA), while PT (non-PUA producing species) perceives them as allelochemicals. The ability to produce and to use PUA as infochemicals may underlie ecological traits of different diatom species and modulate ecological success in natural communities.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/12/7/4165octadienalheptadienalinfochemicalxanthophyllssignalingcompetition |
| spellingShingle | Alessandra A. Gallina Christophe Brunet Anna Palumbo Raffaella Casotti The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide Marine Drugs octadienal heptadienal infochemical xanthophylls signaling competition |
| title | The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide |
| title_full | The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide |
| title_short | The Effect of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes on Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae): The Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide |
| title_sort | effect of polyunsaturated aldehydes on skeletonema marinoi bacillariophyceae the involvement of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide |
| topic | octadienal heptadienal infochemical xanthophylls signaling competition |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/12/7/4165 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alessandraagallina theeffectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide AT christophebrunet theeffectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide AT annapalumbo theeffectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide AT raffaellacasotti theeffectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide AT alessandraagallina effectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide AT christophebrunet effectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide AT annapalumbo effectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide AT raffaellacasotti effectofpolyunsaturatedaldehydesonskeletonemamarinoibacillariophyceaetheinvolvementofreactiveoxygenspeciesandnitricoxide |