Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western China
Objective: To investigate vitamin A deficiency of pre-school children in central and western China for developing strategies to prevent and control vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among children.Design: From November 2018 to September 2019, a total of 2,194 healthy children aged 2–6 years were enrolled....
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.694106/full |
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| author | Qian Chen Yongfang Liu Li Chen Jie Chen Ting Yang Qian Cheng Tingyu Li |
| author_facet | Qian Chen Yongfang Liu Li Chen Jie Chen Ting Yang Qian Cheng Tingyu Li |
| author_sort | Qian Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To investigate vitamin A deficiency of pre-school children in central and western China for developing strategies to prevent and control vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among children.Design: From November 2018 to September 2019, a total of 2,194 healthy children aged 2–6 years were enrolled. Serum retinol levels in the children were detected by liquid-phase tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, social demographic and dietary questionnaires were collected through interviews with children's caregivers.Setting: The participants were enrolled in 12 cities or their subordinate jurisdictions in the central and western regions of China.Participants: Two thousand one hundred and ninety four healthy children aged 2–6 years old.Results: Overall, 35.51% (779/2,194) of the children were found to be vitamin A insufficient (VAI, serum retinol < 1.05 μmol/L). Elder children had a higher risk to suffer from VAI, with proportions of 25.00% (87/348), 28.92% (142/491), 38.38% (256/667), and 42.73% (294/688) among children aged 2, 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively. Vitamin A levels were also positively correlated with per capita income (AOR = 1.18) and regional economic level (0.71), and the frequency of milk intake (0.91).Conclusions: The incidence of VAI was higher among children aged 2–6 years, and the incidence of VAI increases with age. VA levels were positively correlated with levels of economic development in the family and region. So prevention strategies for VAD need to focus on pre-school children, especially dairy intake and developing regions. |
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| id | doaj.art-2ea31614b0f3496a8ef97a20f21c76ae |
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| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T12:41:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ea31614b0f3496a8ef97a20f21c76ae2022-12-21T18:25:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652021-09-01910.3389/fpubh.2021.694106694106Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western ChinaQian Chen0Yongfang Liu1Li Chen2Jie Chen3Ting Yang4Qian Cheng5Tingyu Li6Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, ChinaObjective: To investigate vitamin A deficiency of pre-school children in central and western China for developing strategies to prevent and control vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among children.Design: From November 2018 to September 2019, a total of 2,194 healthy children aged 2–6 years were enrolled. Serum retinol levels in the children were detected by liquid-phase tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, social demographic and dietary questionnaires were collected through interviews with children's caregivers.Setting: The participants were enrolled in 12 cities or their subordinate jurisdictions in the central and western regions of China.Participants: Two thousand one hundred and ninety four healthy children aged 2–6 years old.Results: Overall, 35.51% (779/2,194) of the children were found to be vitamin A insufficient (VAI, serum retinol < 1.05 μmol/L). Elder children had a higher risk to suffer from VAI, with proportions of 25.00% (87/348), 28.92% (142/491), 38.38% (256/667), and 42.73% (294/688) among children aged 2, 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively. Vitamin A levels were also positively correlated with per capita income (AOR = 1.18) and regional economic level (0.71), and the frequency of milk intake (0.91).Conclusions: The incidence of VAI was higher among children aged 2–6 years, and the incidence of VAI increases with age. VA levels were positively correlated with levels of economic development in the family and region. So prevention strategies for VAD need to focus on pre-school children, especially dairy intake and developing regions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.694106/fullvitamin Apre-school childZ-scorenutritional statusChina |
| spellingShingle | Qian Chen Yongfang Liu Li Chen Jie Chen Ting Yang Qian Cheng Tingyu Li Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western China Frontiers in Public Health vitamin A pre-school child Z-score nutritional status China |
| title | Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western China |
| title_full | Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western China |
| title_fullStr | Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western China |
| title_short | Vitamin A Levels Among Pre-School Children of Central and Western China |
| title_sort | vitamin a levels among pre school children of central and western china |
| topic | vitamin A pre-school child Z-score nutritional status China |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.694106/full |
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