Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films
Hydrogels based on chitosan are very versatile materials which can be used for tissue engineering as well as in controlled drug delivery systems. One of the methods for obtaining a chitosan-based hydrogel is crosslinking by applying different components. The objective of the present study was to obt...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/7/3329 |
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| author | Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska Magdalena Gierszewska Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska Joanna Skopińska-Wiśniewska Ewelina Jakubowska |
| author_facet | Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska Magdalena Gierszewska Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska Joanna Skopińska-Wiśniewska Ewelina Jakubowska |
| author_sort | Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydrogels based on chitosan are very versatile materials which can be used for tissue engineering as well as in controlled drug delivery systems. One of the methods for obtaining a chitosan-based hydrogel is crosslinking by applying different components. The objective of the present study was to obtain a series of new crosslinked chitosan-based films by means of solvent casting method. Squaric acid—3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione—was used as a safe crosslinking agent. The effect of the squaric acid on the structural, mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties of the formed films was determined. It was established that the addition of the squaric acid significantly improved Young’s modulus, tensile strength, and thermal stability of the obtained materials. Moreover, it should be stressed that the samples consisting of chitosan and squaric acid were characterized by a higher swelling than pure chitosan. The detailed characterization proved that squaric acid could be used as a new effective crosslinking agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:55:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2ec6bc14bee04182a34aa05680f131d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:55:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ec6bc14bee04182a34aa05680f131d12023-11-21T11:51:50ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-03-01227332910.3390/ijms22073329Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based FilmsEwa Olewnik-Kruszkowska0Magdalena Gierszewska1Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska2Joanna Skopińska-Wiśniewska3Ewelina Jakubowska4Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandDepartment of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandDepartment of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandDepartment of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandDepartment of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandHydrogels based on chitosan are very versatile materials which can be used for tissue engineering as well as in controlled drug delivery systems. One of the methods for obtaining a chitosan-based hydrogel is crosslinking by applying different components. The objective of the present study was to obtain a series of new crosslinked chitosan-based films by means of solvent casting method. Squaric acid—3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione—was used as a safe crosslinking agent. The effect of the squaric acid on the structural, mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties of the formed films was determined. It was established that the addition of the squaric acid significantly improved Young’s modulus, tensile strength, and thermal stability of the obtained materials. Moreover, it should be stressed that the samples consisting of chitosan and squaric acid were characterized by a higher swelling than pure chitosan. The detailed characterization proved that squaric acid could be used as a new effective crosslinking agent.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/7/3329chitosansquaric acidcrosslinkingswellingmechanical properties |
| spellingShingle | Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska Magdalena Gierszewska Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska Joanna Skopińska-Wiśniewska Ewelina Jakubowska Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films International Journal of Molecular Sciences chitosan squaric acid crosslinking swelling mechanical properties |
| title | Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films |
| title_full | Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films |
| title_fullStr | Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films |
| title_full_unstemmed | Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films |
| title_short | Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films |
| title_sort | examining the impact of squaric acid as a crosslinking agent on the properties of chitosan based films |
| topic | chitosan squaric acid crosslinking swelling mechanical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/7/3329 |
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