Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s Disease
The Kleeb Bua Daeng formula (KBD) is a Thai traditional medicine for brain health promotion. On the basis of the activities of its individual components, the KBD could have good potential for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Herein, we investigated the KBD as an AD treatment. The ethanol e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/5/79 |
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| author | Chantha Chheng Pornthip Waiwut Kusawadee Plekratoke Yaowared Chulikhit Supawadee Daodee Orawan Monthakantirat Supaporn Pitiporn Natdanai Musigavong Pakakrong Kwankhao Chantana Boonyarat |
| author_facet | Chantha Chheng Pornthip Waiwut Kusawadee Plekratoke Yaowared Chulikhit Supawadee Daodee Orawan Monthakantirat Supaporn Pitiporn Natdanai Musigavong Pakakrong Kwankhao Chantana Boonyarat |
| author_sort | Chantha Chheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Kleeb Bua Daeng formula (KBD) is a Thai traditional medicine for brain health promotion. On the basis of the activities of its individual components, the KBD could have good potential for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Herein, we investigated the KBD as an AD treatment. The ethanol extracts of KBD and its components, i.e., <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> (NN), <i>Piper nigrum</i> fruits (BP), and the aerial part of <i>Centella asiatica</i> (CA) exhibited antioxidant activity, as determined by both ABTS and DPPH assays. The Ellman’s assay revealed that the KBD, NN, and BP showed an ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase. The thioflavin T assay indicated that the KBD, NN, BP, and CA inhibited beta-amyloid aggregation. The neuroprotection and Western blot analysis revealed that the KBD reduced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced neuronal cell death by inhibiting the expression of pro-apoptotic factors, i.e., cleaved caspase-9 and -3, p-P65, p-JNK, and p-GSK-3β, as well as by inducing expression of anti-apoptotic factors, i.e., MCl<sub>1</sub>, BCl<sub>xl</sub>, and survivin. Furthermore, the KBD could improve scopolamine induced memory deficit in mice. Our results illustrate that the KBD with multimode action has the potential to be employed in AD treatment. Thus, the KBD could be used as an alternative novel choice for the prevention and treatment of patients with AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:13:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2edfb0ecd6364c848d7d6624d91313c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:13:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2edfb0ecd6364c848d7d6624d91313c02023-11-19T22:43:03ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472020-04-011357910.3390/ph13050079Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s DiseaseChantha Chheng0Pornthip Waiwut1Kusawadee Plekratoke2Yaowared Chulikhit3Supawadee Daodee4Orawan Monthakantirat5Supaporn Pitiporn6Natdanai Musigavong7Pakakrong Kwankhao8Chantana Boonyarat9Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, ThailandFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandChao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Prachin Buri 25000, ThailandChao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Prachin Buri 25000, ThailandChao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Prachin Buri 25000, ThailandFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandThe Kleeb Bua Daeng formula (KBD) is a Thai traditional medicine for brain health promotion. On the basis of the activities of its individual components, the KBD could have good potential for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Herein, we investigated the KBD as an AD treatment. The ethanol extracts of KBD and its components, i.e., <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> (NN), <i>Piper nigrum</i> fruits (BP), and the aerial part of <i>Centella asiatica</i> (CA) exhibited antioxidant activity, as determined by both ABTS and DPPH assays. The Ellman’s assay revealed that the KBD, NN, and BP showed an ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase. The thioflavin T assay indicated that the KBD, NN, BP, and CA inhibited beta-amyloid aggregation. The neuroprotection and Western blot analysis revealed that the KBD reduced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced neuronal cell death by inhibiting the expression of pro-apoptotic factors, i.e., cleaved caspase-9 and -3, p-P65, p-JNK, and p-GSK-3β, as well as by inducing expression of anti-apoptotic factors, i.e., MCl<sub>1</sub>, BCl<sub>xl</sub>, and survivin. Furthermore, the KBD could improve scopolamine induced memory deficit in mice. Our results illustrate that the KBD with multimode action has the potential to be employed in AD treatment. Thus, the KBD could be used as an alternative novel choice for the prevention and treatment of patients with AD.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/5/79antioxidantacetylcholinesterase inhibitionbeta-amyloid aggregationneuroprotection<i>Nelumbo nucifera</i><i>Piper nigrum</i> |
| spellingShingle | Chantha Chheng Pornthip Waiwut Kusawadee Plekratoke Yaowared Chulikhit Supawadee Daodee Orawan Monthakantirat Supaporn Pitiporn Natdanai Musigavong Pakakrong Kwankhao Chantana Boonyarat Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s Disease Pharmaceuticals antioxidant acetylcholinesterase inhibition beta-amyloid aggregation neuroprotection <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> <i>Piper nigrum</i> |
| title | Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full | Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_short | Multitarget Activities of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Against Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_sort | multitarget activities of kleeb bua daeng a thai traditional herbal formula against alzheimer s disease |
| topic | antioxidant acetylcholinesterase inhibition beta-amyloid aggregation neuroprotection <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> <i>Piper nigrum</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/5/79 |
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