Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors?
Purpose: To compare the accuracy of noncycloplegic photorefraction (NCP) with that of cycloplegic refraction (CR) for detecting refractive amblyopia risk factors (RARFs) and to determine cutoff points. Methods: In this diagnostic test study, right eyes of 185 children (aged 1 to 14 years) first und...
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Language: | English |
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Knowledge E
2012-01-01
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Series: | Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research |
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Online Access: | http://www.jovr.org/article.asp?issn=2008-322X;year=2012;volume=7;issue=1;spage=3;epage=9;aulast=Rajavi |
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author | Zhale Rajavi Hiva Parsafar Alireza Ramezani Mehdi Yaseri |
author_facet | Zhale Rajavi Hiva Parsafar Alireza Ramezani Mehdi Yaseri |
author_sort | Zhale Rajavi |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Purpose: To compare the accuracy of noncycloplegic photorefraction (NCP) with that of cycloplegic refraction (CR) for detecting refractive amblyopia risk factors (RARFs) and to determine cutoff points.
Methods: In this diagnostic test study, right eyes of 185 children (aged 1 to 14 years) first underwent NCP using the PlusoptiX SO4 photoscreener followed by CR. Based on CR results, hyperopia (≥ +3.5 D), myopia (≥ -3 D), astigmatism (≥ 1.5 D), and anisometropia (≥ 1.5 D) were set as diagnostic criteria based on AAPOS guidelines. The difference in the detection of RARFs by the two methods was the main outcome measure.
Results: RARFs were present in 57 (30.8%) and 52 (28.1%) of cases by CR and NCP, respectively, with an 89.7% agreement. In contrast to myopia and astigmatism, mean spherical power in hyperopic eyes was significantly different based on the two methods (P < 0.001), being higher with CR (+5.96 ± 2.13 D) as compared to NCP (+2.37 ± 1.36 D). Considering CR as the gold standard, specificities for NCP exceeded 93% and sensitivities were also acceptable (≥ 83%) for myopia and astigmatism. Nevertheless, sensitivity of NCP for detecting hyperopia was only 45.4%. Using a cutoff point of +1.87 D, instead of +3.5 D, for hyperopia, sensitivity of NCP was increased to 81.8% with specificity of 84%.
Conclusion: NCP is a relatively accurate method for detecting RARFs in myopia and astigmatism. Using an alternative cutoff point in this study, NCP may be considered an acceptable device for detecting hyperopia as well. |
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issn | 2008-322X |
language | English |
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spelling | doaj.art-2ee48d589b304235a117d30366a3d4db2022-12-22T02:39:10ZengKnowledge EJournal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research2008-322X2012-01-017139Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors?Zhale RajaviHiva ParsafarAlireza RamezaniMehdi YaseriPurpose: To compare the accuracy of noncycloplegic photorefraction (NCP) with that of cycloplegic refraction (CR) for detecting refractive amblyopia risk factors (RARFs) and to determine cutoff points. Methods: In this diagnostic test study, right eyes of 185 children (aged 1 to 14 years) first underwent NCP using the PlusoptiX SO4 photoscreener followed by CR. Based on CR results, hyperopia (≥ +3.5 D), myopia (≥ -3 D), astigmatism (≥ 1.5 D), and anisometropia (≥ 1.5 D) were set as diagnostic criteria based on AAPOS guidelines. The difference in the detection of RARFs by the two methods was the main outcome measure. Results: RARFs were present in 57 (30.8%) and 52 (28.1%) of cases by CR and NCP, respectively, with an 89.7% agreement. In contrast to myopia and astigmatism, mean spherical power in hyperopic eyes was significantly different based on the two methods (P < 0.001), being higher with CR (+5.96 ± 2.13 D) as compared to NCP (+2.37 ± 1.36 D). Considering CR as the gold standard, specificities for NCP exceeded 93% and sensitivities were also acceptable (≥ 83%) for myopia and astigmatism. Nevertheless, sensitivity of NCP for detecting hyperopia was only 45.4%. Using a cutoff point of +1.87 D, instead of +3.5 D, for hyperopia, sensitivity of NCP was increased to 81.8% with specificity of 84%. Conclusion: NCP is a relatively accurate method for detecting RARFs in myopia and astigmatism. Using an alternative cutoff point in this study, NCP may be considered an acceptable device for detecting hyperopia as well.http://www.jovr.org/article.asp?issn=2008-322X;year=2012;volume=7;issue=1;spage=3;epage=9;aulast=RajaviPhotorefraction; Cyclorefraction; Amblyopia; Screening |
spellingShingle | Zhale Rajavi Hiva Parsafar Alireza Ramezani Mehdi Yaseri Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors? Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research Photorefraction; Cyclorefraction; Amblyopia; Screening |
title | Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors? |
title_full | Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors? |
title_fullStr | Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors? |
title_full_unstemmed | Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors? |
title_short | Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia Risk Factors? |
title_sort | is noncycloplegic photorefraction applicable for screening refractive amblyopia risk factors |
topic | Photorefraction; Cyclorefraction; Amblyopia; Screening |
url | http://www.jovr.org/article.asp?issn=2008-322X;year=2012;volume=7;issue=1;spage=3;epage=9;aulast=Rajavi |
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