Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-Analysis
This meta-analysis determined the effect of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. on growth performance of growing–finishing pigs and then assessed causes for the heterogeneity of responses detected using meta-regression. A database of 22 articles published from 2000 to 2020 was identified, and 9 article...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/17/2269 |
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| author | Manuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo Daniela Villegas-Estrada Lizbeth E. Robles-Jimenez Ricardo A Garcia Herrera Vanessa L. Villegas-Vázquez Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez |
| author_facet | Manuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo Daniela Villegas-Estrada Lizbeth E. Robles-Jimenez Ricardo A Garcia Herrera Vanessa L. Villegas-Vázquez Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez |
| author_sort | Manuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This meta-analysis determined the effect of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. on growth performance of growing–finishing pigs and then assessed causes for the heterogeneity of responses detected using meta-regression. A database of 22 articles published from 2000 to 2020 was identified, and 9 articles fitted the selection criteria and were integrated in the final database. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the effect size for ADG, average daily feed intake (ADFI), and F:G ratio using a standardized means difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval. A meta-regression analysis was used to investigate the cause of heterogeneity, using the individual SMD for each study assessment as the outcome and the associated SE as the measure of variance. Dietary <i>Bacillus</i> spp. supplementation had no effect on ADFI (SMD: −0.052, <i>p</i> = 0.138) and numerically increased ADG (SMD: 0.113, <i>p</i> = 0.081) and reduced the F:G ratio SMD: −0.127, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Meta-regression outcomes suggested that the number of animals per group was an essential component promoting heterogeneity in ADG. Overall, the inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. (median 486 mg/d) in growing–finishing pigs can increase ADG and can decrease the F:G ratio. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:06:22Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:06:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ee7d5d29cbd4caba485f397b4ade81a2023-11-23T12:38:07ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-09-011217226910.3390/ani12172269Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-AnalysisManuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo0Daniela Villegas-Estrada1Lizbeth E. Robles-Jimenez2Ricardo A Garcia Herrera3Vanessa L. Villegas-Vázquez4Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez5Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Instituto Literario 100, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de Mexico, MexicoFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Instituto Literario 100, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de Mexico, MexicoDivisión Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Teapa, km 25, R/A La Huasteca 2a Sección, Villahermosa 86280, Tabasco, MexicoDivisión Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Teapa, km 25, R/A La Huasteca 2a Sección, Villahermosa 86280, Tabasco, MexicoFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Instituto Literario 100, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de Mexico, MexicoDepartment of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, P.O. Box 237, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6EU, UKThis meta-analysis determined the effect of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. on growth performance of growing–finishing pigs and then assessed causes for the heterogeneity of responses detected using meta-regression. A database of 22 articles published from 2000 to 2020 was identified, and 9 articles fitted the selection criteria and were integrated in the final database. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the effect size for ADG, average daily feed intake (ADFI), and F:G ratio using a standardized means difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval. A meta-regression analysis was used to investigate the cause of heterogeneity, using the individual SMD for each study assessment as the outcome and the associated SE as the measure of variance. Dietary <i>Bacillus</i> spp. supplementation had no effect on ADFI (SMD: −0.052, <i>p</i> = 0.138) and numerically increased ADG (SMD: 0.113, <i>p</i> = 0.081) and reduced the F:G ratio SMD: −0.127, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Meta-regression outcomes suggested that the number of animals per group was an essential component promoting heterogeneity in ADG. Overall, the inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. (median 486 mg/d) in growing–finishing pigs can increase ADG and can decrease the F:G ratio.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/17/2269probioticsgrowth promoterssustainable animal diet |
| spellingShingle | Manuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo Daniela Villegas-Estrada Lizbeth E. Robles-Jimenez Ricardo A Garcia Herrera Vanessa L. Villegas-Vázquez Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-Analysis Animals probiotics growth promoters sustainable animal diet |
| title | Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Effect of the Inclusion of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. in Growing–Finishing Pigs’ Diets: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | effect of the inclusion of i bacillus i spp in growing finishing pigs diets a meta analysis |
| topic | probiotics growth promoters sustainable animal diet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/17/2269 |
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