Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version

Abstract Background Majority of patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, receive care at primary care setting. Efforts have been made to restructure diabetes care in the Malaysian primary care setting in accordance with the Chronic Care Model (CCM). The Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness...

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Main Authors: Suraya Abdul-Razak, Anis Safura Ramli, Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham, Jamaiyah Haniff, for the EMPOWER-PAR Investigators
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2018-07-01
Series:BMC Family Practice
Subjects:
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-018-0807-5
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author Suraya Abdul-Razak
Anis Safura Ramli
Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham
Jamaiyah Haniff
for the EMPOWER-PAR Investigators
author_facet Suraya Abdul-Razak
Anis Safura Ramli
Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham
Jamaiyah Haniff
for the EMPOWER-PAR Investigators
author_sort Suraya Abdul-Razak
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Majority of patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, receive care at primary care setting. Efforts have been made to restructure diabetes care in the Malaysian primary care setting in accordance with the Chronic Care Model (CCM). The Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) is a validated self-report tool to measure the extent to which patients with chronic illness receive care that aligns with the CCM. To date, no validated tool is available to evaluate healthcare delivery based on the CCM in the Malay language. Thus, the study aimed to translate the PACIC into the Malay language and validate the questionnaire among patients with diabetes in the Malaysian public primary care setting. Methods The English version of the PACIC questionnaire is a 20-item scale measuring five key components, which are patient activation, decision support, goal setting, problem solving and follow-up care. The PACIC underwent forward - backward translation and cross cultural adaptation process to produce the PACIC-Malay version (PACIC-M). Reliability was tested using internal consistencies and test-retest reliability analyses, while construct validity was tested using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results The content of PACIC-M and the original version were conceptually equivalent. Overall, the internal consistency by Cronbach’s α was .94 and the intra-class correlation coefficient was .93. One item was deleted (item 1) when the factor loading was < 0.4. The factor analyses using promax identified three components (‘Goal Setting/Tailoring and Problem solving/Contextual’, ‘follow-up/coordination’ and ‘patient activation and delivery system design/ decision support’); explaining 61.2% of the variation. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was 0.93 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was p = .000. Therefore, the final version of the PACIC-M consisted of 19 items, framed within three components. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that the PACIC-M measured different dimensions from the English version of PACIC. It is however; highly reliable and valid to be used in assessing three CCM model subscales. Further confirmatory factor analysis of PACIC-M should be conducted to confirm this new model.
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spelling doaj.art-2ef5cb2a7fbc4178934892c3e5b976212022-12-22T03:37:40ZengBMCBMC Family Practice1471-22962018-07-0119111110.1186/s12875-018-0807-5Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay versionSuraya Abdul-Razak0Anis Safura Ramli1Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham2Jamaiyah Haniff3for the EMPOWER-PAR InvestigatorsPrimary Care Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARAPrimary Care Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARAPrimary Care Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARANational Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of HealthAbstract Background Majority of patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, receive care at primary care setting. Efforts have been made to restructure diabetes care in the Malaysian primary care setting in accordance with the Chronic Care Model (CCM). The Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) is a validated self-report tool to measure the extent to which patients with chronic illness receive care that aligns with the CCM. To date, no validated tool is available to evaluate healthcare delivery based on the CCM in the Malay language. Thus, the study aimed to translate the PACIC into the Malay language and validate the questionnaire among patients with diabetes in the Malaysian public primary care setting. Methods The English version of the PACIC questionnaire is a 20-item scale measuring five key components, which are patient activation, decision support, goal setting, problem solving and follow-up care. The PACIC underwent forward - backward translation and cross cultural adaptation process to produce the PACIC-Malay version (PACIC-M). Reliability was tested using internal consistencies and test-retest reliability analyses, while construct validity was tested using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results The content of PACIC-M and the original version were conceptually equivalent. Overall, the internal consistency by Cronbach’s α was .94 and the intra-class correlation coefficient was .93. One item was deleted (item 1) when the factor loading was < 0.4. The factor analyses using promax identified three components (‘Goal Setting/Tailoring and Problem solving/Contextual’, ‘follow-up/coordination’ and ‘patient activation and delivery system design/ decision support’); explaining 61.2% of the variation. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was 0.93 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was p = .000. Therefore, the final version of the PACIC-M consisted of 19 items, framed within three components. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that the PACIC-M measured different dimensions from the English version of PACIC. It is however; highly reliable and valid to be used in assessing three CCM model subscales. Further confirmatory factor analysis of PACIC-M should be conducted to confirm this new model.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-018-0807-5ValidationReliabilityPACICCultural adaptionMalaysia
spellingShingle Suraya Abdul-Razak
Anis Safura Ramli
Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham
Jamaiyah Haniff
for the EMPOWER-PAR Investigators
Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version
BMC Family Practice
Validation
Reliability
PACIC
Cultural adaption
Malaysia
title Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version
title_full Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version
title_fullStr Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version
title_full_unstemmed Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version
title_short Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version
title_sort validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care pacic questionnaire the malay version
topic Validation
Reliability
PACIC
Cultural adaption
Malaysia
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-018-0807-5
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