Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version
Abstract Background Majority of patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, receive care at primary care setting. Efforts have been made to restructure diabetes care in the Malaysian primary care setting in accordance with the Chronic Care Model (CCM). The Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-07-01
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Series: | BMC Family Practice |
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Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-018-0807-5 |
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author | Suraya Abdul-Razak Anis Safura Ramli Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham Jamaiyah Haniff for the EMPOWER-PAR Investigators |
author_facet | Suraya Abdul-Razak Anis Safura Ramli Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham Jamaiyah Haniff for the EMPOWER-PAR Investigators |
author_sort | Suraya Abdul-Razak |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract Background Majority of patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, receive care at primary care setting. Efforts have been made to restructure diabetes care in the Malaysian primary care setting in accordance with the Chronic Care Model (CCM). The Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) is a validated self-report tool to measure the extent to which patients with chronic illness receive care that aligns with the CCM. To date, no validated tool is available to evaluate healthcare delivery based on the CCM in the Malay language. Thus, the study aimed to translate the PACIC into the Malay language and validate the questionnaire among patients with diabetes in the Malaysian public primary care setting. Methods The English version of the PACIC questionnaire is a 20-item scale measuring five key components, which are patient activation, decision support, goal setting, problem solving and follow-up care. The PACIC underwent forward - backward translation and cross cultural adaptation process to produce the PACIC-Malay version (PACIC-M). Reliability was tested using internal consistencies and test-retest reliability analyses, while construct validity was tested using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results The content of PACIC-M and the original version were conceptually equivalent. Overall, the internal consistency by Cronbach’s α was .94 and the intra-class correlation coefficient was .93. One item was deleted (item 1) when the factor loading was < 0.4. The factor analyses using promax identified three components (‘Goal Setting/Tailoring and Problem solving/Contextual’, ‘follow-up/coordination’ and ‘patient activation and delivery system design/ decision support’); explaining 61.2% of the variation. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was 0.93 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was p = .000. Therefore, the final version of the PACIC-M consisted of 19 items, framed within three components. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that the PACIC-M measured different dimensions from the English version of PACIC. It is however; highly reliable and valid to be used in assessing three CCM model subscales. Further confirmatory factor analysis of PACIC-M should be conducted to confirm this new model. |
first_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:56:09Z |
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id | doaj.art-2ef5cb2a7fbc4178934892c3e5b97621 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1471-2296 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:56:09Z |
publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
publisher | BMC |
record_format | Article |
series | BMC Family Practice |
spelling | doaj.art-2ef5cb2a7fbc4178934892c3e5b976212022-12-22T03:37:40ZengBMCBMC Family Practice1471-22962018-07-0119111110.1186/s12875-018-0807-5Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay versionSuraya Abdul-Razak0Anis Safura Ramli1Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham2Jamaiyah Haniff3for the EMPOWER-PAR InvestigatorsPrimary Care Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARAPrimary Care Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARAPrimary Care Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARANational Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of HealthAbstract Background Majority of patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes, receive care at primary care setting. Efforts have been made to restructure diabetes care in the Malaysian primary care setting in accordance with the Chronic Care Model (CCM). The Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) is a validated self-report tool to measure the extent to which patients with chronic illness receive care that aligns with the CCM. To date, no validated tool is available to evaluate healthcare delivery based on the CCM in the Malay language. Thus, the study aimed to translate the PACIC into the Malay language and validate the questionnaire among patients with diabetes in the Malaysian public primary care setting. Methods The English version of the PACIC questionnaire is a 20-item scale measuring five key components, which are patient activation, decision support, goal setting, problem solving and follow-up care. The PACIC underwent forward - backward translation and cross cultural adaptation process to produce the PACIC-Malay version (PACIC-M). Reliability was tested using internal consistencies and test-retest reliability analyses, while construct validity was tested using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results The content of PACIC-M and the original version were conceptually equivalent. Overall, the internal consistency by Cronbach’s α was .94 and the intra-class correlation coefficient was .93. One item was deleted (item 1) when the factor loading was < 0.4. The factor analyses using promax identified three components (‘Goal Setting/Tailoring and Problem solving/Contextual’, ‘follow-up/coordination’ and ‘patient activation and delivery system design/ decision support’); explaining 61.2% of the variation. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was 0.93 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was p = .000. Therefore, the final version of the PACIC-M consisted of 19 items, framed within three components. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that the PACIC-M measured different dimensions from the English version of PACIC. It is however; highly reliable and valid to be used in assessing three CCM model subscales. Further confirmatory factor analysis of PACIC-M should be conducted to confirm this new model.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-018-0807-5ValidationReliabilityPACICCultural adaptionMalaysia |
spellingShingle | Suraya Abdul-Razak Anis Safura Ramli Siti Fatimah Badlishah-Sham Jamaiyah Haniff for the EMPOWER-PAR Investigators Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version BMC Family Practice Validation Reliability PACIC Cultural adaption Malaysia |
title | Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version |
title_full | Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version |
title_fullStr | Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version |
title_full_unstemmed | Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version |
title_short | Validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care (PACIC) questionnaire: the Malay version |
title_sort | validity and reliability of the patient assessment on chronic illness care pacic questionnaire the malay version |
topic | Validation Reliability PACIC Cultural adaption Malaysia |
url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12875-018-0807-5 |
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