MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus.
A key difference that distinguishes viral infections from protein immunizations is the recognition of viral nucleic acids by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Insights into the functions of cytosolic PRRs such as the RNA-sensing Rig-I-like receptors (RLRs) in the instruction of adaptiv...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-10-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009009 |
| _version_ | 1818667023022948352 |
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| author | Marvin O'Ketch Spencer Williams Cameron Larson Jennifer L Uhrlaub Rachel Wong Brenna Hall Neha R Deshpande Dominik Schenten |
| author_facet | Marvin O'Ketch Spencer Williams Cameron Larson Jennifer L Uhrlaub Rachel Wong Brenna Hall Neha R Deshpande Dominik Schenten |
| author_sort | Marvin O'Ketch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A key difference that distinguishes viral infections from protein immunizations is the recognition of viral nucleic acids by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Insights into the functions of cytosolic PRRs such as the RNA-sensing Rig-I-like receptors (RLRs) in the instruction of adaptive immunity are therefore critical to understand protective immunity to infections. West Nile virus (WNV) infection of mice deficent of RLR-signaling adaptor MAVS results in a defective adaptive immune response. While this finding suggests a role for RLRs in the instruction of adaptive immunity to WNV, it is difficult to interpret due to the high WNV viremia, associated exessive antigen loads, and pathology in the absence of a MAVS-dependent innate immune response. To overcome these limitations, we have infected MAVS-deficient (MAVSKO) mice with a single-round-of-infection mutant of West Nile virus. We show that MAVSKO mice failed to produce an effective neutralizing antibody response to WNV despite normal antibody titers against the viral WNV-E protein. This defect occurred independently of antigen loads or overt pathology. The specificity of the antibody response in infected MAVSKO mice remained unchanged and was still dominated by antibodies that bound the neutralizing lateral ridge (LR) epitope in the DIII domain of WNV-E. Instead, MAVSKO mice produced IgM antibodies, the dominant isotype controlling primary WNV infection, with lower affinity for the DIII domain. Our findings suggest that RLR-dependent signals are important for the quality of the humoral immune response to WNV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:13:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f0e120c8794480ca6ac2709aa4a958a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:13:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f0e120c8794480ca6ac2709aa4a958a2022-12-21T22:00:34ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742020-10-011610e100900910.1371/journal.ppat.1009009MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus.Marvin O'KetchSpencer WilliamsCameron LarsonJennifer L UhrlaubRachel WongBrenna HallNeha R DeshpandeDominik SchentenA key difference that distinguishes viral infections from protein immunizations is the recognition of viral nucleic acids by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Insights into the functions of cytosolic PRRs such as the RNA-sensing Rig-I-like receptors (RLRs) in the instruction of adaptive immunity are therefore critical to understand protective immunity to infections. West Nile virus (WNV) infection of mice deficent of RLR-signaling adaptor MAVS results in a defective adaptive immune response. While this finding suggests a role for RLRs in the instruction of adaptive immunity to WNV, it is difficult to interpret due to the high WNV viremia, associated exessive antigen loads, and pathology in the absence of a MAVS-dependent innate immune response. To overcome these limitations, we have infected MAVS-deficient (MAVSKO) mice with a single-round-of-infection mutant of West Nile virus. We show that MAVSKO mice failed to produce an effective neutralizing antibody response to WNV despite normal antibody titers against the viral WNV-E protein. This defect occurred independently of antigen loads or overt pathology. The specificity of the antibody response in infected MAVSKO mice remained unchanged and was still dominated by antibodies that bound the neutralizing lateral ridge (LR) epitope in the DIII domain of WNV-E. Instead, MAVSKO mice produced IgM antibodies, the dominant isotype controlling primary WNV infection, with lower affinity for the DIII domain. Our findings suggest that RLR-dependent signals are important for the quality of the humoral immune response to WNV.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009009 |
| spellingShingle | Marvin O'Ketch Spencer Williams Cameron Larson Jennifer L Uhrlaub Rachel Wong Brenna Hall Neha R Deshpande Dominik Schenten MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus. |
| title_full | MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus. |
| title_fullStr | MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus. |
| title_full_unstemmed | MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus. |
| title_short | MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus. |
| title_sort | mavs regulates the quality of the antibody response to west nile virus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009009 |
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