Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Downstream hydraulic geometry (DHG) for multiple discharge frequencies remains poorly investigated. This paper seeks to clarify the DHG relations of different discharge frequencies and proposes the definition, mathematical expression, and geomorphological interpretation of multifrequency DHG (MFDHG)...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/11/2139 |
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| author | Chao Qin Baosheng Wu Yuan Xue Xudong Fu Guangqian Wang Ge Wang |
| author_facet | Chao Qin Baosheng Wu Yuan Xue Xudong Fu Guangqian Wang Ge Wang |
| author_sort | Chao Qin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Downstream hydraulic geometry (DHG) for multiple discharge frequencies remains poorly investigated. This paper seeks to clarify the DHG relations of different discharge frequencies and proposes the definition, mathematical expression, and geomorphological interpretation of multifrequency DHG (MFDHG). It also verifies the existence of DHG and MFDHG in the six major exoreic rivers located in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. MFDHG can be depicted with (1) log-linear plots between DHG coefficients and exponents for multiple discharge frequencies and (2) independent DHG curves intersecting near congruent discharge, width, depth, or velocity. The results show that rivers in the study area exhibit strong DHG relations. The variations in the DHG coefficients and exponents usually exhibit opposite trends with increasing discharge frequency. The MFDHG of a river reach is generally stronger than that of a river basin. Congruent hydraulics, as indices of geometric variability and hydraulic self-similarity, reflect consistent changes in hydraulic variables downstream. MFDHG is a novel geomorphic phenomenon that bridges spatiotemporal dimensions in HG systems and provides a basis for establishing an overall HG relationship. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:53:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f118172ce93446eacf0d0b9264c117f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:53:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f118172ce93446eacf0d0b9264c117f2023-11-18T08:48:06ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-06-011511213910.3390/w15112139Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet PlateauChao Qin0Baosheng Wu1Yuan Xue2Xudong Fu3Guangqian Wang4Ge Wang5State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaDownstream hydraulic geometry (DHG) for multiple discharge frequencies remains poorly investigated. This paper seeks to clarify the DHG relations of different discharge frequencies and proposes the definition, mathematical expression, and geomorphological interpretation of multifrequency DHG (MFDHG). It also verifies the existence of DHG and MFDHG in the six major exoreic rivers located in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. MFDHG can be depicted with (1) log-linear plots between DHG coefficients and exponents for multiple discharge frequencies and (2) independent DHG curves intersecting near congruent discharge, width, depth, or velocity. The results show that rivers in the study area exhibit strong DHG relations. The variations in the DHG coefficients and exponents usually exhibit opposite trends with increasing discharge frequency. The MFDHG of a river reach is generally stronger than that of a river basin. Congruent hydraulics, as indices of geometric variability and hydraulic self-similarity, reflect consistent changes in hydraulic variables downstream. MFDHG is a novel geomorphic phenomenon that bridges spatiotemporal dimensions in HG systems and provides a basis for establishing an overall HG relationship.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/11/2139multifrequency downstream hydraulic geometry MFDHGdischarge frequencyriver networkQinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| spellingShingle | Chao Qin Baosheng Wu Yuan Xue Xudong Fu Guangqian Wang Ge Wang Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Water multifrequency downstream hydraulic geometry MFDHG discharge frequency river network Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title | Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_full | Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_fullStr | Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_short | Multifrequency Downstream Hydraulic Geometry of Alluvial Mountain Rivers Located on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title_sort | multifrequency downstream hydraulic geometry of alluvial mountain rivers located on the qinghai tibet plateau |
| topic | multifrequency downstream hydraulic geometry MFDHG discharge frequency river network Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/11/2139 |
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