Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue
Electrophysiological characterization of live human tissue from epilepsy patients has been performed for many decades. Although initially these studies sought to understand the biophysical and synaptic changes associated with human epilepsy, recently, it has become the mainstay for exploring the dis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250834/full |
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| author | Homeira Moradi Chameh Madeleine Falby Madeleine Falby Mandana Movahed Keon Arbabi Keon Arbabi Scott Rich Liang Zhang Jérémie Lefebvre Jérémie Lefebvre Jérémie Lefebvre Shreejoy J. Tripathy Shreejoy J. Tripathy Shreejoy J. Tripathy Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante |
| author_facet | Homeira Moradi Chameh Madeleine Falby Madeleine Falby Mandana Movahed Keon Arbabi Keon Arbabi Scott Rich Liang Zhang Jérémie Lefebvre Jérémie Lefebvre Jérémie Lefebvre Shreejoy J. Tripathy Shreejoy J. Tripathy Shreejoy J. Tripathy Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante |
| author_sort | Homeira Moradi Chameh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrophysiological characterization of live human tissue from epilepsy patients has been performed for many decades. Although initially these studies sought to understand the biophysical and synaptic changes associated with human epilepsy, recently, it has become the mainstay for exploring the distinctive biophysical and synaptic features of human cell-types. Both epochs of these human cellular electrophysiological explorations have faced criticism. Early studies revealed that cortical pyramidal neurons obtained from individuals with epilepsy appeared to function “normally” in comparison to neurons from non-epilepsy controls or neurons from other species and thus there was little to gain from the study of human neurons from epilepsy patients. On the other hand, contemporary studies are often questioned for the “normalcy” of the recorded neurons since they are derived from epilepsy patients. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the distinct biophysical features of human cortical neurons and glia obtained from tissue removed from patients with epilepsy and tumors. We then explore the concept of within cell-type diversity and its loss (i.e., “neural homogenization”). We introduce neural homogenization to help reconcile the epileptogenicity of seemingly “normal” human cortical cells and circuits. We propose that there should be continued efforts to study cortical tissue from epilepsy patients in the quest to understand what makes human cell-types “human”. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:58:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f1933e2793a4833a0db07c2f51d83f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-3563 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:58:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f1933e2793a4833a0db07c2f51d83f52023-10-04T13:49:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience1663-35632023-10-011510.3389/fnsyn.2023.12508341250834Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissueHomeira Moradi Chameh0Madeleine Falby1Madeleine Falby2Mandana Movahed3Keon Arbabi4Keon Arbabi5Scott Rich6Liang Zhang7Jérémie Lefebvre8Jérémie Lefebvre9Jérémie Lefebvre10Shreejoy J. Tripathy11Shreejoy J. Tripathy12Shreejoy J. Tripathy13Maurizio De Pittà14Maurizio De Pittà15Maurizio De Pittà16Maurizio De Pittà17Taufik A. Valiante18Taufik A. Valiante19Taufik A. Valiante20Taufik A. Valiante21Taufik A. Valiante22Taufik A. Valiante23Taufik A. Valiante24Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, CanadaDivision of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, CanadaInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDivision of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, CanadaInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaKrembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, CanadaNeurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, CanadaDivision of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, CanadaDivision of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Mathematics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaKrembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDivision of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaBasque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain0Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, SpainDivision of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, CanadaInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada3Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada4Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application (CRANIA), Toronto, ON, Canada5Max Planck-University of Toronto Center for Neural Science and Technology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaElectrophysiological characterization of live human tissue from epilepsy patients has been performed for many decades. Although initially these studies sought to understand the biophysical and synaptic changes associated with human epilepsy, recently, it has become the mainstay for exploring the distinctive biophysical and synaptic features of human cell-types. Both epochs of these human cellular electrophysiological explorations have faced criticism. Early studies revealed that cortical pyramidal neurons obtained from individuals with epilepsy appeared to function “normally” in comparison to neurons from non-epilepsy controls or neurons from other species and thus there was little to gain from the study of human neurons from epilepsy patients. On the other hand, contemporary studies are often questioned for the “normalcy” of the recorded neurons since they are derived from epilepsy patients. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the distinct biophysical features of human cortical neurons and glia obtained from tissue removed from patients with epilepsy and tumors. We then explore the concept of within cell-type diversity and its loss (i.e., “neural homogenization”). We introduce neural homogenization to help reconcile the epileptogenicity of seemingly “normal” human cortical cells and circuits. We propose that there should be continued efforts to study cortical tissue from epilepsy patients in the quest to understand what makes human cell-types “human”.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250834/fullhuman cortical tissuerodent cortical tissueepilepsypyramidal neuronselectrophysiologymorphology |
| spellingShingle | Homeira Moradi Chameh Madeleine Falby Madeleine Falby Mandana Movahed Keon Arbabi Keon Arbabi Scott Rich Liang Zhang Jérémie Lefebvre Jérémie Lefebvre Jérémie Lefebvre Shreejoy J. Tripathy Shreejoy J. Tripathy Shreejoy J. Tripathy Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Maurizio De Pittà Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Taufik A. Valiante Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience human cortical tissue rodent cortical tissue epilepsy pyramidal neurons electrophysiology morphology |
| title | Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue |
| title_full | Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue |
| title_fullStr | Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue |
| title_short | Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue |
| title_sort | distinctive biophysical features of human cell types insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue |
| topic | human cortical tissue rodent cortical tissue epilepsy pyramidal neurons electrophysiology morphology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250834/full |
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