Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for Investigation
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) represents a significant cause of post-neonatal mortality, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The triple-risk model of SIDS proposes that intrinsic vulnerability, exogenous triggers, and a critical developmental period are required for SIDS to occur. Al...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15063 |
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| author | Dénes Tóth Gábor Simon Dóra Reglődi |
| author_facet | Dénes Tóth Gábor Simon Dóra Reglődi |
| author_sort | Dénes Tóth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) represents a significant cause of post-neonatal mortality, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The triple-risk model of SIDS proposes that intrinsic vulnerability, exogenous triggers, and a critical developmental period are required for SIDS to occur. Although case–control studies have identified potential risk factors, no in vivo model fully reflects the complexities observed in human studies. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a highly conserved neuropeptide with diverse physiological functions, including metabolic and thermal regulation, cardiovascular adaptation, breathing control, stress responses, sleep–wake regulation and immunohomeostasis, has been subject to early animal studies, which revealed that the absence of PACAP or its specific receptor (PAC1 receptor: PAC1R) correlates with increased neonatal mortality similar to the susceptible period for SIDS in humans. Recent human investigations have further implicated PACAP and PAC1R genes as plausible contributors to the pathomechanism of SIDS. This mini-review comprehensively synthesizes all PACAP-related research from the perspective of SIDS and proposes that PACAP deficiency might offer a promising avenue for studying SIDS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:12:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f250d4a4c5c4f7cbb05f16590808417 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:12:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f250d4a4c5c4f7cbb05f165908084172023-11-19T16:41:04ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-10-0124201506310.3390/ijms242015063Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for InvestigationDénes Tóth0Gábor Simon1Dóra Reglődi2Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Forensic Medicine, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Anatomy, HUN-REG-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungarySudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) represents a significant cause of post-neonatal mortality, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The triple-risk model of SIDS proposes that intrinsic vulnerability, exogenous triggers, and a critical developmental period are required for SIDS to occur. Although case–control studies have identified potential risk factors, no in vivo model fully reflects the complexities observed in human studies. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a highly conserved neuropeptide with diverse physiological functions, including metabolic and thermal regulation, cardiovascular adaptation, breathing control, stress responses, sleep–wake regulation and immunohomeostasis, has been subject to early animal studies, which revealed that the absence of PACAP or its specific receptor (PAC1 receptor: PAC1R) correlates with increased neonatal mortality similar to the susceptible period for SIDS in humans. Recent human investigations have further implicated PACAP and PAC1R genes as plausible contributors to the pathomechanism of SIDS. This mini-review comprehensively synthesizes all PACAP-related research from the perspective of SIDS and proposes that PACAP deficiency might offer a promising avenue for studying SIDS.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15063PACAPneuropeptidesudden infant death syndromeanimal model |
| spellingShingle | Dénes Tóth Gábor Simon Dóra Reglődi Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for Investigation International Journal of Molecular Sciences PACAP neuropeptide sudden infant death syndrome animal model |
| title | Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for Investigation |
| title_full | Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for Investigation |
| title_fullStr | Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for Investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for Investigation |
| title_short | Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Potential Model for Investigation |
| title_sort | pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide pacap and sudden infant death syndrome a potential model for investigation |
| topic | PACAP neuropeptide sudden infant death syndrome animal model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15063 |
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