| Summary: | The potent antimicrobial extract of a culture of the marine derived actinomycete <i>Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus</i> M-169 was fractionated by reversed phase flash chromatography and preparative HPLC to yield the new Gram-positive antibiotic, anthracimycin B (<b>1</b>), together with its congener, anthracimycin (<b>2</b>). The structure of the new compound was established by analysis of its ESI-TOF MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and comparison with data published for anthracimycin and anthracimycin BII-2619 (<b>3</b>). Notably, anthracimycin seemed to be the major and almost unique component of the extract detected by HPLC-UV-MS, making our <i>S. cyanofuscatus</i> strain an excellent candidate for further biosynthetic studies of this potent antibiotic.
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