| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The 12q24 locus entails at least one gene responsible for hypercholesterolemia. Within the 12q24 locus lies the gene of proteasome modulator 9 (<it>PSMD9</it>). <it>PSMD9 </it>is in linkage with type 2 diabetes (T2D), T2D-nephropathy and macrovascular pathology in Italian families and <it>PSMD9 </it>rare mutations contribute to T2D.</p> <p>Aims</p> <p>In the present study, we aimed at determining whether the <it>PSMD9 </it>T2D risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) <it>IVS3 + nt460 A > G, IVS3 + nt437 T > C </it>and <it>E197G A > G </it>are linked to hypercholesterolemia in 200 T2D Italian families.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We characterized 200 Italian families for presence and/or absence of hypercholesterolemia characterized by LDL levels ≥ 100 mg/dl in drug-naïve patients and/or presence of a diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia in a patient treated with statin medication. The phenotypes were described as unknown in all cases in which the diagnosis was either unclear or the data were missing. We tested in the 200 Italians families for evidence of linkage of the <it>PSMD9 </it>SNPs with hypercholesterolemia. The non-parametric linkage analysis was performed for the qualitative phenotype by using the Merlin software; the Lod score and correspondent P-value were calculated. For the significant linkage score, 1000 replicates were performed to calculate the empirical P-value.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The <it>PSMD9 </it>gene SNPs studied show linkage to hypercholesterolemia. The results are not due to random chance.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><it>PSMD9 </it>should be tested in all populations reporting linkage to hypercholesterolemia within the chromosome 12q24 locus. The impact of this gene on hypercholesterolemia and contribution to cardio- and cerebrovascular events may be high.</p>
|
|---|