Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide
This study aims to compare the hardness, sorption and solubility of commercially available tissue conditioner [TC] modified with chitosan [CS] and synthesized chitosan oligosaccharide [COS] in antifungal concentration. COS was synthesized by acid hydrolysis and characterized by FTIR and XRD. Experim...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/6/1233 |
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| author | Asfia Saeed Shahreen Zahid Muhammad Sajid Shahab Ud Din Mohammad Khursheed Alam Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary Muhammad Kaleem Haytham Jamil Alswairki Huda Abutayyem |
| author_facet | Asfia Saeed Shahreen Zahid Muhammad Sajid Shahab Ud Din Mohammad Khursheed Alam Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary Muhammad Kaleem Haytham Jamil Alswairki Huda Abutayyem |
| author_sort | Asfia Saeed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aims to compare the hardness, sorption and solubility of commercially available tissue conditioner [TC] modified with chitosan [CS] and synthesized chitosan oligosaccharide [COS] in antifungal concentration. COS was synthesized by acid hydrolysis and characterized by FTIR and XRD. Experimental materials were formulated by incorporating each per gram of TC powder with effective antifungal concentration of chitosan 1.02 mg (Group 1: TC-CS) and 0.51 mg COS (Group 2: TC-COS). A commercially available TC was used as control (Group 0: CTC). Shore A hardness test was performed according to ASTM D 2240-05 (2010) standards on samples stored in dry environment, distilled water (DW) and artificial saliva (AS) at 37 °C (<i>n</i> = 5 per group). Percent weight changes (<i>n</i> = 5 per group) after storage in DW and AS was used to record sorption and solubility. One-way Anova with post hoc Tukey’s test was applied. FTIR and XRD confirmed low molecular weight and amorphous nature of COS. Experimental groups had higher Shore A hardness values; however, these changes were not significant. Greatest variations in durometer values (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) were observed during the first 24 h. Experimental groups had higher (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) percentage sorption and solubility. Samples stored in DW had significantly higher (<i>p</i> = 0.019) sorption, whereas material had higher (<i>p</i> = 0.005) solubility in AS. Mean solubility values in both immersion mediums was highest for Group 2, followed by group 1 and group 0. In addition, significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) increase in solubility upon aging was noted for each material. Experimental tissue conditioner had higher hardness, sorption and solubility. However, these changes are not substantial to interfere with their tissue healing property. Therefore, these materials may be considered and explored further as potential antimicrobial drug delivery agent for denture stomatitis patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:51:43Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:51:43Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2f420f3c8e4140898409496faf80beef2023-11-30T22:04:26ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-03-01146123310.3390/polym14061233Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan OligosaccharideAsfia Saeed0Shahreen Zahid1Muhammad Sajid2Shahab Ud Din3Mohammad Khursheed Alam4Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary5Muhammad Kaleem6Haytham Jamil Alswairki7Huda Abutayyem8Department of Dental Materials, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Dental Materials, Dental College HITEC-IMS, Taxilla 751010, PakistanDepartment of Dental Materials, Islamabad Medical & Dental College, Islamabad 45400, PakistanSchool of Dentistry (SOD), Federal Medical Teaching Institution (FMTI)/PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Medical University (SZABMU), Islamabad 44000, PakistanPreventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Dentistry (SOD), Federal Medical Teaching Institution (FMTI)/PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Medical University (SZABMU), Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Dental Materials, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanSchool of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, MalaysiaDepartment of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab EmiratesThis study aims to compare the hardness, sorption and solubility of commercially available tissue conditioner [TC] modified with chitosan [CS] and synthesized chitosan oligosaccharide [COS] in antifungal concentration. COS was synthesized by acid hydrolysis and characterized by FTIR and XRD. Experimental materials were formulated by incorporating each per gram of TC powder with effective antifungal concentration of chitosan 1.02 mg (Group 1: TC-CS) and 0.51 mg COS (Group 2: TC-COS). A commercially available TC was used as control (Group 0: CTC). Shore A hardness test was performed according to ASTM D 2240-05 (2010) standards on samples stored in dry environment, distilled water (DW) and artificial saliva (AS) at 37 °C (<i>n</i> = 5 per group). Percent weight changes (<i>n</i> = 5 per group) after storage in DW and AS was used to record sorption and solubility. One-way Anova with post hoc Tukey’s test was applied. FTIR and XRD confirmed low molecular weight and amorphous nature of COS. Experimental groups had higher Shore A hardness values; however, these changes were not significant. Greatest variations in durometer values (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) were observed during the first 24 h. Experimental groups had higher (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) percentage sorption and solubility. Samples stored in DW had significantly higher (<i>p</i> = 0.019) sorption, whereas material had higher (<i>p</i> = 0.005) solubility in AS. Mean solubility values in both immersion mediums was highest for Group 2, followed by group 1 and group 0. In addition, significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) increase in solubility upon aging was noted for each material. Experimental tissue conditioner had higher hardness, sorption and solubility. However, these changes are not substantial to interfere with their tissue healing property. Therefore, these materials may be considered and explored further as potential antimicrobial drug delivery agent for denture stomatitis patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/6/1233antifungal chitosantissue conditioningsorptionShore A hardnessdenture stomatitis |
| spellingShingle | Asfia Saeed Shahreen Zahid Muhammad Sajid Shahab Ud Din Mohammad Khursheed Alam Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary Muhammad Kaleem Haytham Jamil Alswairki Huda Abutayyem Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide Polymers antifungal chitosan tissue conditioning sorption Shore A hardness denture stomatitis |
| title | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide |
| title_full | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide |
| title_fullStr | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide |
| title_short | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Tissue Conditioner Modified with Synthesized Chitosan Oligosaccharide |
| title_sort | physico mechanical properties of commercially available tissue conditioner modified with synthesized chitosan oligosaccharide |
| topic | antifungal chitosan tissue conditioning sorption Shore A hardness denture stomatitis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/6/1233 |
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