Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 Infection
Recent experiments have suggested that the infectivity of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in plasma decreases over time during primary infection. Because anti-gp41 antibodies are produced early during HIV-1 infection and form antibody-virion comple...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01326/full |
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| author | Naveen K. Vaidya Ruy M. Ribeiro Ruy M. Ribeiro Pinghuang Liu Barton F. Haynes Georgia D. Tomaras Alan S. Perelson |
| author_facet | Naveen K. Vaidya Ruy M. Ribeiro Ruy M. Ribeiro Pinghuang Liu Barton F. Haynes Georgia D. Tomaras Alan S. Perelson |
| author_sort | Naveen K. Vaidya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent experiments have suggested that the infectivity of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in plasma decreases over time during primary infection. Because anti-gp41 antibodies are produced early during HIV-1 infection and form antibody-virion complexes, we studied if such early HIV-1 specific antibodies are correlated with the decay in HIV-1 infectivity. Using a viral dynamic model that allows viral infectivity to decay and frequent early viral load data obtained from 6 plasma donors we estimate that HIV-1 infectivity begins to decay after about 2 weeks of infection. The length of this delay is consistent with the time before antibody-virion complexes were detected in the plasma of these donors and is correlated (p = 0.023, r = 0.87) with the time for antibodies to be first detected in plasma. Importantly, we identify that the rate of infectivity decay is significantly correlated with the rate of increase in plasma anti-gp41 IgG concentration (p = 0.046, r = 0.82) and the increase in IgM+IgG anti-gp41 concentration (p = 8.37 × 10−4, r = 0.98). Furthermore, we found that the viral load decay after the peak did not have any significant correlation with the rate of anti-gp41 IgM or IgG increase. These results indicate that early anti-gp41 antibodies may cause viral infectivity decay, but may not contribute significantly to controlling post-peak viral load, likely due to insufficient quantity or affinity. Our findings may be helpful to devise strategies, including antibody-based vaccines, to control acute HIV-1 infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:53:13Z |
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| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:53:13Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f47ee2295a34f12b4cbf3470ec223b82022-12-22T01:16:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2018-06-01910.3389/fmicb.2018.01326361886Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 InfectionNaveen K. Vaidya0Ruy M. Ribeiro1Ruy M. Ribeiro2Pinghuang Liu3Barton F. Haynes4Georgia D. Tomaras5Alan S. Perelson6Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United StatesTheoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United StatesLaboratório de Biomatemática, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, PortugalHarbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, ChinaDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United StatesDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United StatesTheoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United StatesRecent experiments have suggested that the infectivity of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in plasma decreases over time during primary infection. Because anti-gp41 antibodies are produced early during HIV-1 infection and form antibody-virion complexes, we studied if such early HIV-1 specific antibodies are correlated with the decay in HIV-1 infectivity. Using a viral dynamic model that allows viral infectivity to decay and frequent early viral load data obtained from 6 plasma donors we estimate that HIV-1 infectivity begins to decay after about 2 weeks of infection. The length of this delay is consistent with the time before antibody-virion complexes were detected in the plasma of these donors and is correlated (p = 0.023, r = 0.87) with the time for antibodies to be first detected in plasma. Importantly, we identify that the rate of infectivity decay is significantly correlated with the rate of increase in plasma anti-gp41 IgG concentration (p = 0.046, r = 0.82) and the increase in IgM+IgG anti-gp41 concentration (p = 8.37 × 10−4, r = 0.98). Furthermore, we found that the viral load decay after the peak did not have any significant correlation with the rate of anti-gp41 IgM or IgG increase. These results indicate that early anti-gp41 antibodies may cause viral infectivity decay, but may not contribute significantly to controlling post-peak viral load, likely due to insufficient quantity or affinity. Our findings may be helpful to devise strategies, including antibody-based vaccines, to control acute HIV-1 infection.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01326/fullantibodiesprimary HIV-1 infectionviral dynamics modelviral loadvirus infectivity |
| spellingShingle | Naveen K. Vaidya Ruy M. Ribeiro Ruy M. Ribeiro Pinghuang Liu Barton F. Haynes Georgia D. Tomaras Alan S. Perelson Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 Infection Frontiers in Microbiology antibodies primary HIV-1 infection viral dynamics model viral load virus infectivity |
| title | Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 Infection |
| title_full | Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 Infection |
| title_fullStr | Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 Infection |
| title_short | Correlation Between Anti-gp41 Antibodies and Virus Infectivity Decay During Primary HIV-1 Infection |
| title_sort | correlation between anti gp41 antibodies and virus infectivity decay during primary hiv 1 infection |
| topic | antibodies primary HIV-1 infection viral dynamics model viral load virus infectivity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01326/full |
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