Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product Obtention
A circular economy is imperative for environmental sustainability. In this context, biorefineries stand out as a means of production able to reduce the carbon footprint and the impact of global warming. Biorefineries may employ lignocellulosic biomass from various plant sources to produce bioproduct...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/4/755 |
| _version_ | 1797605979694563328 |
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| author | Aline Ruth Schmidt Aline Perin Dresch Sergio Luiz Alves Junior João Paulo Bender Helen Treichel |
| author_facet | Aline Ruth Schmidt Aline Perin Dresch Sergio Luiz Alves Junior João Paulo Bender Helen Treichel |
| author_sort | Aline Ruth Schmidt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A circular economy is imperative for environmental sustainability. In this context, biorefineries stand out as a means of production able to reduce the carbon footprint and the impact of global warming. Biorefineries may employ lignocellulosic biomass from various plant sources to produce bioproducts with the potential to replace fossil derivatives through synthesis by microorganisms without competing with food crops. Brewer’s spent grain (BSG), the residue of the brewery production process, is an option with potential for use, being a cheap raw material highly available throughout the year. The chemical composition of this biomass is quite variable, with significant amounts of hemicellulose, mainly consisting of xylose and arabinose monomers that can be technologically converted into value-added products such as xylooligosaccharides, xylitol, second-generation ethanol (2G ethanol), biofilms and furfural. To this end, catalysts are unusual in making biorefineries increasingly competitive in the market, selectively optimizing reactions and reducing the environmental impact of the production processes of these bioproducts. The present review addresses the primary methods for extracting and processing hemicelluloses from BSG using either biocatalysts (enzymes) or homogenous (acids, alkali, and salts) and heterogenous catalysts (solid acids and metal oxide) that can be used to pretreat the biomass and obtain the preferred byproducts. The state of the art of optimized catalysis mechanisms is also presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:08:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f4860053bdb43d583c8cf014bf288bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:08:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f4860053bdb43d583c8cf014bf288bb2023-11-17T18:42:07ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-04-0113475510.3390/catal13040755Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product ObtentionAline Ruth Schmidt0Aline Perin Dresch1Sergio Luiz Alves Junior2João Paulo Bender3Helen Treichel4Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Laranjeiras Do Sul 85301-970, PR, BrazilLaboratory of Solid Waste, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, SC, BrazilLaboratory of Yeast Biochemistry, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, SC, BrazilGraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Laranjeiras Do Sul 85301-970, PR, BrazilGraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Laranjeiras Do Sul 85301-970, PR, BrazilA circular economy is imperative for environmental sustainability. In this context, biorefineries stand out as a means of production able to reduce the carbon footprint and the impact of global warming. Biorefineries may employ lignocellulosic biomass from various plant sources to produce bioproducts with the potential to replace fossil derivatives through synthesis by microorganisms without competing with food crops. Brewer’s spent grain (BSG), the residue of the brewery production process, is an option with potential for use, being a cheap raw material highly available throughout the year. The chemical composition of this biomass is quite variable, with significant amounts of hemicellulose, mainly consisting of xylose and arabinose monomers that can be technologically converted into value-added products such as xylooligosaccharides, xylitol, second-generation ethanol (2G ethanol), biofilms and furfural. To this end, catalysts are unusual in making biorefineries increasingly competitive in the market, selectively optimizing reactions and reducing the environmental impact of the production processes of these bioproducts. The present review addresses the primary methods for extracting and processing hemicelluloses from BSG using either biocatalysts (enzymes) or homogenous (acids, alkali, and salts) and heterogenous catalysts (solid acids and metal oxide) that can be used to pretreat the biomass and obtain the preferred byproducts. The state of the art of optimized catalysis mechanisms is also presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/4/755lignocellulosic biomassxylanbioconversioncircular economy |
| spellingShingle | Aline Ruth Schmidt Aline Perin Dresch Sergio Luiz Alves Junior João Paulo Bender Helen Treichel Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product Obtention Catalysts lignocellulosic biomass xylan bioconversion circular economy |
| title | Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product Obtention |
| title_full | Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product Obtention |
| title_fullStr | Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product Obtention |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product Obtention |
| title_short | Applications of Brewer’s Spent Grain Hemicelluloses in Biorefineries: Extraction and Value-Added Product Obtention |
| title_sort | applications of brewer s spent grain hemicelluloses in biorefineries extraction and value added product obtention |
| topic | lignocellulosic biomass xylan bioconversion circular economy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/4/755 |
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