Microhabitat of small mammals at ground and understorey levels in a deciduous, southern Atlantic Forest

<p id="para1">Each animal species selects specific microhabitats for protection, foraging, or micro-climate. To understand the distribution patterns of small mammals on the ground and in the understorey, we investigated the use of microhabitats by small mammals in a deciduous forest...

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Main Authors: GERUZA L. MELO, BARBARA MIOTTO, BRISA PERES, NILTON C. CÁCERES
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Academia Brasileira de Ciências 2013-06-01
Series:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000200727
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Summary:<p id="para1">Each animal species selects specific microhabitats for protection, foraging, or micro-climate. To understand the distribution patterns of small mammals on the ground and in the understorey, we investigated the use of microhabitats by small mammals in a deciduous forest of southern Brazil. Ten trap stations with seven capture points were used to sample the following microhabitats: liana, fallen log, ground litter, terrestrial ferns, simple-trunk tree, forked tree, and <italic>Piper</italic> sp. shrubs. Seven field phases were conducted, each for eight consecutive days, from September 2006 through January 2008. Four species of rodents (<italic>Akodon montensis</italic>, <italic>Sooretamys angouya</italic>, <italic>Oligoryzomys nigripes</italic> and <italic>Mus musculus</italic>) and two species of marsupials (<italic>Didelphis albiventris</italic> and <italic>Gracilinanus microtarsus</italic>) were captured. Captured species presented significant differences on their microhabitat use (ANOVA, p = 0.003), particularly between ground and understorey sites. <italic>Akodon montensis</italic> selected positively terrestrial ferns and trunks, <italic>S. angouya</italic> selected lianas, <italic>D. albiventris</italic> selected fallen trunks and <italic>Piper</italic> sp., and <italic>G. microtarsus</italic> choose tree trunks and lianas. We demonstrated that the local small-mammal assemblage does select microhabitats, with different types of associations between species and habitats. Besides, there is a strong evidence of habitat selection in order to diminish predation.</p><br><p id="para2">Cada esp&#233;cie animal pode apresentar seletividade por micro-habitats priorizando prote&#231;&#227;o, forrageio ou microclima. Para compreender os padr&#245;es de distribui&#231;&#227;o de pequenos mam&#237;feros ao n&#237;vel do solo e de sub-bosque, n&#243;s analisamos o uso de micro-habitat por pequenos mam&#237;feros em uma floresta estacional no sul do Brasil. Dez esta&#231;&#245;es amostrais com sete pontos de captura foram usadas para amostragem dos seguintes microhabitats: liana, tronco ca&#237;do, solo apenas coberto por folhi&#231;o, solo coberto por samambaias, &#225;rvore com tronco simples, &#225;rvore com bifurca&#231;&#245;es e arbustos do g&#234;nero <italic>Piper</italic> sp.. Sete fases de campo foram executadas durante oito dias consecutivos de setembro de 2006 a janeiro de 2008. Quatro esp&#233;cies de roedores (<italic>Akodon montensis</italic>, <italic>Sooretamys angouya</italic>, <italic>Oligoryzomys nigripes</italic> e <italic>Mus musculus</italic>) e duas esp&#233;cies de marsupiais (<italic>Didelphis albiventris</italic> e <italic>Gracilinanus microtarsus</italic>) foram capturadas. As esp&#233;cies capturadas apresentaram diferen&#231;a significativa quanto ao uso do microhabitat (ANOVA p= 0,003), particularmente entre locais no solo e sub-bosque. <italic>Akodon montensis</italic> utilizou com maior frequ&#234;ncia samambaias terrestres e troncos ca&#237;dos, <italic>S. angouya</italic> lianas, <italic>D. albiventris</italic> troncos ca&#237;dos e <italic>Piper</italic> sp. e <italic>G. microtarsus</italic> &#225;rvores e lianas. N&#243;s demonstramos que a comunidade de pequenos mam&#237;feros locais, de fato, apresenta uma sele&#231;&#227;o de microhabitats, com associa&#231;&#245;es entre a maioria das esp&#233;cies e habitats. Al&#233;m disso, h&#225; forte ind&#237;cio de sele&#231;&#227;o de habitat devido &#224; press&#227;o de preda&#231;&#227;o.</p>
ISSN:0001-3765
1678-2690