Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> (CoQ<sub>10</sub>) is a mitochondrial electron carrier and a powerful lipophilic antioxidant located in membranes and plasma lipoproteins. CoQ<sub>10</sub> is endogenously synthesized and obtained from the diet, which has raised interest in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/4/600 |
| _version_ | 1827695185617747968 |
|---|---|
| author | Chary López-Pedrera José Manuel Villalba Alejandra Mª Patiño-Trives Maria Luque-Tévar Nuria Barbarroja Mª Ángeles Aguirre Alejandro Escudero-Contreras Carlos Pérez-Sánchez |
| author_facet | Chary López-Pedrera José Manuel Villalba Alejandra Mª Patiño-Trives Maria Luque-Tévar Nuria Barbarroja Mª Ángeles Aguirre Alejandro Escudero-Contreras Carlos Pérez-Sánchez |
| author_sort | Chary López-Pedrera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> (CoQ<sub>10</sub>) is a mitochondrial electron carrier and a powerful lipophilic antioxidant located in membranes and plasma lipoproteins. CoQ<sub>10</sub> is endogenously synthesized and obtained from the diet, which has raised interest in its therapeutic potential against pathologies related to mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced oxidative stress. Novel formulations of solubilized CoQ<sub>10</sub> and the stabilization of reduced CoQ<sub>10</sub> (ubiquinol) have improved its bioavailability and efficacy. Synthetic analogues with increased solubility, such as idebenone, or accumulated selectively in mitochondria, such as MitoQ, have also demonstrated promising properties. CoQ<sub>10</sub> has shown beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases. Leukocytes from antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients exhibit an oxidative perturbation closely related to the prothrombotic status. In vivo ubiquinol supplementation in APS modulated the overexpression of inflammatory and thrombotic risk-markers. Mitochondrial abnormalities also contribute to immune dysregulation and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Idebenone and MitoQ improved clinical and immunological features of lupus-like disease in mice. Clinical trials and experimental models have further demonstrated a therapeutic role for CoQ<sub>10</sub> in Rheumatoid Arthritis, multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. This review summarizes the effects of CoQ<sub>10</sub> and its analogs in modulating processes involved in autoimmune disorders, highlighting the potential of these therapeutic approaches for patients with immune-mediated diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:20:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f6821a71565469a9115d56628955b60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:20:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f6821a71565469a9115d56628955b602023-11-21T15:26:31ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-04-0110460010.3390/antiox10040600Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune DiseasesChary López-Pedrera0José Manuel Villalba1Alejandra Mª Patiño-Trives2Maria Luque-Tévar3Nuria Barbarroja4Mª Ángeles Aguirre5Alejandro Escudero-Contreras6Carlos Pérez-Sánchez7Rheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology, Immunology and Physiology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, University of Córdoba, ceiA3, 14014 Córdoba, SpainRheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, SpainRheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, SpainRheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, SpainRheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, SpainRheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology, Immunology and Physiology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, University of Córdoba, ceiA3, 14014 Córdoba, SpainCoenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> (CoQ<sub>10</sub>) is a mitochondrial electron carrier and a powerful lipophilic antioxidant located in membranes and plasma lipoproteins. CoQ<sub>10</sub> is endogenously synthesized and obtained from the diet, which has raised interest in its therapeutic potential against pathologies related to mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced oxidative stress. Novel formulations of solubilized CoQ<sub>10</sub> and the stabilization of reduced CoQ<sub>10</sub> (ubiquinol) have improved its bioavailability and efficacy. Synthetic analogues with increased solubility, such as idebenone, or accumulated selectively in mitochondria, such as MitoQ, have also demonstrated promising properties. CoQ<sub>10</sub> has shown beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases. Leukocytes from antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients exhibit an oxidative perturbation closely related to the prothrombotic status. In vivo ubiquinol supplementation in APS modulated the overexpression of inflammatory and thrombotic risk-markers. Mitochondrial abnormalities also contribute to immune dysregulation and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Idebenone and MitoQ improved clinical and immunological features of lupus-like disease in mice. Clinical trials and experimental models have further demonstrated a therapeutic role for CoQ<sub>10</sub> in Rheumatoid Arthritis, multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. This review summarizes the effects of CoQ<sub>10</sub> and its analogs in modulating processes involved in autoimmune disorders, highlighting the potential of these therapeutic approaches for patients with immune-mediated diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/4/600coenzyme Q10autoimmune disordersinflammationcardiovascular disease |
| spellingShingle | Chary López-Pedrera José Manuel Villalba Alejandra Mª Patiño-Trives Maria Luque-Tévar Nuria Barbarroja Mª Ángeles Aguirre Alejandro Escudero-Contreras Carlos Pérez-Sánchez Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Antioxidants coenzyme Q10 autoimmune disorders inflammation cardiovascular disease |
| title | Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_full | Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_short | Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_sort | therapeutic potential and immunomodulatory role of coenzyme q sub 10 sub and its analogues in systemic autoimmune diseases |
| topic | coenzyme Q10 autoimmune disorders inflammation cardiovascular disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/4/600 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT charylopezpedrera therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases AT josemanuelvillalba therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases AT alejandramapatinotrives therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases AT marialuquetevar therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases AT nuriabarbarroja therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases AT maangelesaguirre therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases AT alejandroescuderocontreras therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases AT carlosperezsanchez therapeuticpotentialandimmunomodulatoryroleofcoenzymeqsub10subanditsanaloguesinsystemicautoimmunediseases |