<i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa
Although limited, studies have found conflicting results on whether co-grazing results in significant antibiotic resistance transfer between species. This type of farming system can act as a vector in the geographical spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. The aim of this study...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/6/618 |
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| author | Michaela Sannettha van den Honert Pieter Andries Gouws Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman |
| author_facet | Michaela Sannettha van den Honert Pieter Andries Gouws Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman |
| author_sort | Michaela Sannettha van den Honert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although limited, studies have found conflicting results on whether co-grazing results in significant antibiotic resistance transfer between species. This type of farming system can act as a vector in the geographical spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic-resistant patterns between co-grazing and non-co-grazing livestock and wildlife species in South Africa. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was isolated from the faeces of various wildlife and livestock species from two farms in South Africa and was tested for antibiotic resistance using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method against chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphafurazole, and tetracycline. A selection of some common antibiotic-resistant genes (<i>bla</i>CMY, <i>aad</i>A1, <i>sul</i>1, <i>sul</i>2, <i>tet</i>A, and <i>tet</i>B) were detected using PCR. The <i>E. coli</i> isolates from wildlife and livestock that co-grazed showed no significant differences in antibiotic resistance patterns. However, this was not the case for tetracycline resistance as the livestock isolates were significantly more resistant than the co-grazing wildlife isolates. The <i>E. coli</i> isolates from the non-co-grazing livestock and wildlife had significant differences in their antibiotic susceptibility patterns; the wildlife <i>E. coli</i> isolates were significantly more resistant to sulphafurazole and streptomycin than the livestock isolates, whilst those isolated from the cattle were significantly more resistant to ampicillin than the wildlife and sheep isolates. The results of this study suggest that there could be an exchange of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes between livestock and wildlife that co-graze. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:09:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f6d13541f5b4dd1ad71ad8e9be25167 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:09:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f6d13541f5b4dd1ad71ad8e9be251672023-11-21T20:52:58ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-05-0110661810.3390/antibiotics10060618<i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South AfricaMichaela Sannettha van den Honert0Pieter Andries Gouws1Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman2Centre for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South AfricaCentre for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South AfricaDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South AfricaAlthough limited, studies have found conflicting results on whether co-grazing results in significant antibiotic resistance transfer between species. This type of farming system can act as a vector in the geographical spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic-resistant patterns between co-grazing and non-co-grazing livestock and wildlife species in South Africa. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was isolated from the faeces of various wildlife and livestock species from two farms in South Africa and was tested for antibiotic resistance using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method against chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphafurazole, and tetracycline. A selection of some common antibiotic-resistant genes (<i>bla</i>CMY, <i>aad</i>A1, <i>sul</i>1, <i>sul</i>2, <i>tet</i>A, and <i>tet</i>B) were detected using PCR. The <i>E. coli</i> isolates from wildlife and livestock that co-grazed showed no significant differences in antibiotic resistance patterns. However, this was not the case for tetracycline resistance as the livestock isolates were significantly more resistant than the co-grazing wildlife isolates. The <i>E. coli</i> isolates from the non-co-grazing livestock and wildlife had significant differences in their antibiotic susceptibility patterns; the wildlife <i>E. coli</i> isolates were significantly more resistant to sulphafurazole and streptomycin than the livestock isolates, whilst those isolated from the cattle were significantly more resistant to ampicillin than the wildlife and sheep isolates. The results of this study suggest that there could be an exchange of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes between livestock and wildlife that co-graze.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/6/618antimicrobial resistancedisc diffusiongameungulatewildlifelivestock |
| spellingShingle | Michaela Sannettha van den Honert Pieter Andries Gouws Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman <i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa Antibiotics antimicrobial resistance disc diffusion game ungulate wildlife livestock |
| title | <i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa |
| title_full | <i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa |
| title_fullStr | <i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa |
| title_short | <i>Escherichia coli</i> Antibiotic Resistance Patterns from Co-Grazing and Non-Co-Grazing Livestock and Wildlife Species from Two Farms in the Western Cape, South Africa |
| title_sort | i escherichia coli i antibiotic resistance patterns from co grazing and non co grazing livestock and wildlife species from two farms in the western cape south africa |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance disc diffusion game ungulate wildlife livestock |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/6/618 |
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