Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and Mechanisms
Cadmium (Cd) water pollution threatens environmental systems and human health. Adsorption is the preferred method for purifying water bodies polluted by Cd, and the development of effective adsorption materials is critical. The performance of original phosphate rock powder (PRP) as an adsorption med...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/6/862 |
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| author | Shuo Gao Xirui Kang Yaping Li Jinpeng Yu Hui Wang Hong Pan Quangang Yang Zhongchen Yang Yajie Sun Yuping Zhuge Yanhong Lou |
| author_facet | Shuo Gao Xirui Kang Yaping Li Jinpeng Yu Hui Wang Hong Pan Quangang Yang Zhongchen Yang Yajie Sun Yuping Zhuge Yanhong Lou |
| author_sort | Shuo Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cadmium (Cd) water pollution threatens environmental systems and human health. Adsorption is the preferred method for purifying water bodies polluted by Cd, and the development of effective adsorption materials is critical. The performance of original phosphate rock powder (PRP) as an adsorption medium for purifying water bodies polluted by Cd was compared with that of phosphate rock powder modified with fulvic acid, chitosan, MnO<sub>2</sub>, and sulfhydryl, respectively, and their appearance and adsorption properties were investigated. The surface structures of all modified powders were rougher than the original, and their functional groups were richer. The greatest Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption capacity, 1.88 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, was achieved with chitosan-modified PRP (CMPRP). This was 106.59% greater than that of PRP. The capacities of fulvic acid and MnO<sub>2</sub> were 15.38% and 4.40% greater than that of the original, respectively. When the fulvic acid-modified PRP, CMPRP, and manganese dioxide PRP reached adsorption equilibrium, the removal rates of Cd<sup>2+</sup> were 51.86%, 93.26%, and 46.70%, respectively. Moreover, the removal rate of Cd<sup>2+</sup> by CMPRP was 104.43% higher than that of PRP. The main Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption mechanisms for the MPRPs were electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, co-precipitation, and complexation. Moreover, the processing of the phosphate rock powder was straightforward, harmless to the environment, and could be effectively used for the removal of Cd. These results show that CMPRP is promising as a new adsorption material to treat Cd-contaminated water. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:44:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2f7e7563d3854090a1947861f18b6367 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:44:47Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-2f7e7563d3854090a1947861f18b63672024-03-27T14:08:22ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412024-03-0116686210.3390/w16060862Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and MechanismsShuo Gao0Xirui Kang1Yaping Li2Jinpeng Yu3Hui Wang4Hong Pan5Quangang Yang6Zhongchen Yang7Yajie Sun8Yuping Zhuge9Yanhong Lou10National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road, Tai’an City 271018, ChinaCadmium (Cd) water pollution threatens environmental systems and human health. Adsorption is the preferred method for purifying water bodies polluted by Cd, and the development of effective adsorption materials is critical. The performance of original phosphate rock powder (PRP) as an adsorption medium for purifying water bodies polluted by Cd was compared with that of phosphate rock powder modified with fulvic acid, chitosan, MnO<sub>2</sub>, and sulfhydryl, respectively, and their appearance and adsorption properties were investigated. The surface structures of all modified powders were rougher than the original, and their functional groups were richer. The greatest Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption capacity, 1.88 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, was achieved with chitosan-modified PRP (CMPRP). This was 106.59% greater than that of PRP. The capacities of fulvic acid and MnO<sub>2</sub> were 15.38% and 4.40% greater than that of the original, respectively. When the fulvic acid-modified PRP, CMPRP, and manganese dioxide PRP reached adsorption equilibrium, the removal rates of Cd<sup>2+</sup> were 51.86%, 93.26%, and 46.70%, respectively. Moreover, the removal rate of Cd<sup>2+</sup> by CMPRP was 104.43% higher than that of PRP. The main Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption mechanisms for the MPRPs were electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, co-precipitation, and complexation. Moreover, the processing of the phosphate rock powder was straightforward, harmless to the environment, and could be effectively used for the removal of Cd. These results show that CMPRP is promising as a new adsorption material to treat Cd-contaminated water.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/6/862heavy metal pollutionphosphate rock powder modificationCd<sup>2+</sup> adsorptionadsorption mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Shuo Gao Xirui Kang Yaping Li Jinpeng Yu Hui Wang Hong Pan Quangang Yang Zhongchen Yang Yajie Sun Yuping Zhuge Yanhong Lou Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and Mechanisms Water heavy metal pollution phosphate rock powder modification Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption adsorption mechanism |
| title | Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and Mechanisms |
| title_full | Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and Mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and Mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and Mechanisms |
| title_short | Treatment of Cadmium-Contaminated Water Systems Using Modified Phosphate Rock Powder: Contaminant Uptake, Adsorption Ability, and Mechanisms |
| title_sort | treatment of cadmium contaminated water systems using modified phosphate rock powder contaminant uptake adsorption ability and mechanisms |
| topic | heavy metal pollution phosphate rock powder modification Cd<sup>2+</sup> adsorption adsorption mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/6/862 |
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