Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity.
Neuroimaging technologies and research has shown that autism is largely a disorder of neuronal connectivity. While advanced work is being done with fMRI, MRI-DTI, SPECT and other forms of structural and functional connectivity analyses, the use of EEG for these purposes is of additional great utilit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00045/full |
| _version_ | 1831736869783601152 |
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| author | Robert eCoben Robert eCoben Iman eMohammad-Rezazadeh Rex Lee Cannon |
| author_facet | Robert eCoben Robert eCoben Iman eMohammad-Rezazadeh Rex Lee Cannon |
| author_sort | Robert eCoben |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuroimaging technologies and research has shown that autism is largely a disorder of neuronal connectivity. While advanced work is being done with fMRI, MRI-DTI, SPECT and other forms of structural and functional connectivity analyses, the use of EEG for these purposes is of additional great utility. Cantor et al. (1986) were the first to examine the utility of pairwise coherence measures for depicting connectivity impairments in autism. Since that time research has shown a combination of mixed over and under-connectivity that is at the heart of the primary symptoms of this multifaceted disorder. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that these simplistic pairwise measurements under represent the true and quite complicated picture of connectivity anomalies in these persons. We have presented three different forms of multivariate connectivity analysiswith increasing levels of sophistication (including one based on principle components<br/>analysis, sLORETA source coherence, and Granger causality) to present a hypothesis that more advanced statistical approaches to EEG coherence analysis may provide more detailed and accurate information than pairwise measurements. A single case study is examined with findings from MR-DTI, pairwise and coherence and these three forms of multivariate coherence analysis. In this case pairwise coherences did not resemble structural connectivity, whereas multivariate measures did. The possible advantages and disadvantages of different techniques are discussed. Future work in this area will be important to determine the validity and utility of these techniques.<br/> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:52:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fa2e4edfa944abf958403ecaf37881c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:52:54Z |
| publishDate | 2014-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fa2e4edfa944abf958403ecaf37881c2022-12-21T19:03:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612014-02-01810.3389/fnhum.2014.0004559666Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity.Robert eCoben0Robert eCoben1Iman eMohammad-Rezazadeh2Rex Lee Cannon3Integrated Neuroscience ServicesNeurorehabilitation and Neuropsychological ServicesUniversity of California, DavisPsychoeducational NetworkNeuroimaging technologies and research has shown that autism is largely a disorder of neuronal connectivity. While advanced work is being done with fMRI, MRI-DTI, SPECT and other forms of structural and functional connectivity analyses, the use of EEG for these purposes is of additional great utility. Cantor et al. (1986) were the first to examine the utility of pairwise coherence measures for depicting connectivity impairments in autism. Since that time research has shown a combination of mixed over and under-connectivity that is at the heart of the primary symptoms of this multifaceted disorder. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that these simplistic pairwise measurements under represent the true and quite complicated picture of connectivity anomalies in these persons. We have presented three different forms of multivariate connectivity analysiswith increasing levels of sophistication (including one based on principle components<br/>analysis, sLORETA source coherence, and Granger causality) to present a hypothesis that more advanced statistical approaches to EEG coherence analysis may provide more detailed and accurate information than pairwise measurements. A single case study is examined with findings from MR-DTI, pairwise and coherence and these three forms of multivariate coherence analysis. In this case pairwise coherences did not resemble structural connectivity, whereas multivariate measures did. The possible advantages and disadvantages of different techniques are discussed. Future work in this area will be important to determine the validity and utility of these techniques.<br/>http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00045/fullAutism Spectrum Disordersconnectivity analysisEEG/MEGsLORETAGranger causation analysiscoherence analysis |
| spellingShingle | Robert eCoben Robert eCoben Iman eMohammad-Rezazadeh Rex Lee Cannon Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Autism Spectrum Disorders connectivity analysis EEG/MEG sLORETA Granger causation analysis coherence analysis |
| title | Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity. |
| title_full | Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity. |
| title_fullStr | Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity. |
| title_short | Using quantitative and analytic EEG methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders: A theory of mixed over- and under-connectivity. |
| title_sort | using quantitative and analytic eeg methods in the understanding of connectivity in autism spectrum disorders a theory of mixed over and under connectivity |
| topic | Autism Spectrum Disorders connectivity analysis EEG/MEG sLORETA Granger causation analysis coherence analysis |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00045/full |
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