Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> Method
Using principal modes (PMs) can avoid the inter-mode crosstalk in fiber-optic communication and reduce the complexity of digital signal processing. In this paper, a new detection method for PMs based on spatially and spectrally resolved imaging (S<sup>2</sup>) is used to recover their in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2020-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9031415/ |
| _version_ | 1818616769627029504 |
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| author | Zixiang Di Zhiqun Yang Yaping Liu Guanju Peng Lin Zhang Guifang Li |
| author_facet | Zixiang Di Zhiqun Yang Yaping Liu Guanju Peng Lin Zhang Guifang Li |
| author_sort | Zixiang Di |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Using principal modes (PMs) can avoid the inter-mode crosstalk in fiber-optic communication and reduce the complexity of digital signal processing. In this paper, a new detection method for PMs based on spatially and spectrally resolved imaging (S<sup>2</sup>) is used to recover their intensity distributions and inter-mode dispersion parameters. This method collects the optical interference information on a two-dimensional plane at different frequencies. The collected data can be used to characterize the principal modes, including their patterns and differential mode group delays. Due to the frequency invariance of PMs even in mode coupling state, which is studied carefully, this proposed method is shown to be robust. Analyses based on a four-mode fiber show that the distributed fluctuation of the coupling coefficients break the frequency invariance of PMs. We experimentally measure the mode characteristics of a four-mode fiber with S<sup>2</sup> method. The results show that the mode group delays of degenerate modes can be separated in mode coupling state, which is exactly appropriate for the modified measurement method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T16:55:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fb58cd44a22476992cd6d877e29ea1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1943-0655 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T16:55:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fb58cd44a22476992cd6d877e29ea1d2022-12-21T22:23:54ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552020-01-011221810.1109/JPHOT.2020.29798619031415Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> MethodZixiang Di0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-6926Zhiqun Yang1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9340-0203Yaping Liu2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-8538Guanju Peng3Lin Zhang4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-1110Guifang Li5Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaCREOL, The College of Optics & Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USAUsing principal modes (PMs) can avoid the inter-mode crosstalk in fiber-optic communication and reduce the complexity of digital signal processing. In this paper, a new detection method for PMs based on spatially and spectrally resolved imaging (S<sup>2</sup>) is used to recover their intensity distributions and inter-mode dispersion parameters. This method collects the optical interference information on a two-dimensional plane at different frequencies. The collected data can be used to characterize the principal modes, including their patterns and differential mode group delays. Due to the frequency invariance of PMs even in mode coupling state, which is studied carefully, this proposed method is shown to be robust. Analyses based on a four-mode fiber show that the distributed fluctuation of the coupling coefficients break the frequency invariance of PMs. We experimentally measure the mode characteristics of a four-mode fiber with S<sup>2</sup> method. The results show that the mode group delays of degenerate modes can be separated in mode coupling state, which is exactly appropriate for the modified measurement method.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9031415/Few-mode fibersoptical fiber characterizationprincipal modes |
| spellingShingle | Zixiang Di Zhiqun Yang Yaping Liu Guanju Peng Lin Zhang Guifang Li Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> Method IEEE Photonics Journal Few-mode fibers optical fiber characterization principal modes |
| title | Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> Method |
| title_full | Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> Method |
| title_fullStr | Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> Method |
| title_short | Measurement of Principal Modes in Few-Mode Fibers by S<sup>2</sup> Method |
| title_sort | measurement of principal modes in few mode fibers by s sup 2 sup method |
| topic | Few-mode fibers optical fiber characterization principal modes |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9031415/ |
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