Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Background Several trials have demonstrated protective effects from inhibition of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is uncertainty about the consistency of the cardiovascular benefits achieved across patient subsets. Methods and Results We included 4...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.014908 |
| _version_ | 1818775036394209280 |
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| author | Clare Arnott Qiang Li Amy Kang Brendon L. Neuen Severine Bompoint Carolyn S. P. Lam Anthony Rodgers Kenneth W. Mahaffey Christopher P. Cannon Vlado Perkovic Meg J. Jardine Bruce Neal |
| author_facet | Clare Arnott Qiang Li Amy Kang Brendon L. Neuen Severine Bompoint Carolyn S. P. Lam Anthony Rodgers Kenneth W. Mahaffey Christopher P. Cannon Vlado Perkovic Meg J. Jardine Bruce Neal |
| author_sort | Clare Arnott |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Several trials have demonstrated protective effects from inhibition of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is uncertainty about the consistency of the cardiovascular benefits achieved across patient subsets. Methods and Results We included 4 large‐scale trials of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition compared with placebo in patients with diabetes mellitus that reported effects on cardiovascular outcomes overall and for participant subgroups defined at baseline by cardiovascular disease, reduced kidney function, and heart failure. Fixed effects models with inverse variance weighting were used to estimate summary hazard ratios and 95% CIs. There were 38 723 patients from 4 trials, with a mean 2.9 years of follow‐up. Of the patients, 22 870 (59%) had cardiovascular disease, 7754 (20%) had reduced kidney function, and 4543 (12%) had heart failure. There were 3828 major adverse cardiac events. There was overall benefit for major adverse cardiac events (0.88; 95% CI, 0.82–0.94; P<0.001) and no evidence that the effects of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition varied across patient subgroups, defined by the presence of cardiovascular disease or heart failure at baseline (all P interaction >0.252; I2<25%). All patient subgroups benefited with respect to hospitalization for heart failure (all P interaction>0.302; I2<10%), cardiovascular death (all P interaction>0.167; I2<50%), and death from any cause (all P interaction>0.354; I2=0%). The only difference in effects across subgroups was for stroke, with protection observed among those with reduced kidney function but not those with preserved kidney function (P interaction=0.020; I2=81%). Conclusions Sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors protect against cardiovascular disease and death in diverse subsets of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus regardless of cardiovascular disease history. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T10:50:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fbb48f9ec0d4861a586c1cd6c34b318 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T10:50:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fbb48f9ec0d4861a586c1cd6c34b3182022-12-21T21:10:27ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802020-02-019310.1161/JAHA.119.014908Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐AnalysisClare Arnott0Qiang Li1Amy Kang2Brendon L. Neuen3Severine Bompoint4Carolyn S. P. Lam5Anthony Rodgers6Kenneth W. Mahaffey7Christopher P. Cannon8Vlado Perkovic9Meg J. Jardine10Bruce Neal11The George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaDepartment of Medicine Stanford Center for Clinical Research Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CACardiovascular Division Brigham and Women's Hospital and Baim Institute for Clinical Research Boston MAThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaBackground Several trials have demonstrated protective effects from inhibition of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is uncertainty about the consistency of the cardiovascular benefits achieved across patient subsets. Methods and Results We included 4 large‐scale trials of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition compared with placebo in patients with diabetes mellitus that reported effects on cardiovascular outcomes overall and for participant subgroups defined at baseline by cardiovascular disease, reduced kidney function, and heart failure. Fixed effects models with inverse variance weighting were used to estimate summary hazard ratios and 95% CIs. There were 38 723 patients from 4 trials, with a mean 2.9 years of follow‐up. Of the patients, 22 870 (59%) had cardiovascular disease, 7754 (20%) had reduced kidney function, and 4543 (12%) had heart failure. There were 3828 major adverse cardiac events. There was overall benefit for major adverse cardiac events (0.88; 95% CI, 0.82–0.94; P<0.001) and no evidence that the effects of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition varied across patient subgroups, defined by the presence of cardiovascular disease or heart failure at baseline (all P interaction >0.252; I2<25%). All patient subgroups benefited with respect to hospitalization for heart failure (all P interaction>0.302; I2<10%), cardiovascular death (all P interaction>0.167; I2<50%), and death from any cause (all P interaction>0.354; I2=0%). The only difference in effects across subgroups was for stroke, with protection observed among those with reduced kidney function but not those with preserved kidney function (P interaction=0.020; I2=81%). Conclusions Sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors protect against cardiovascular disease and death in diverse subsets of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus regardless of cardiovascular disease history.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.014908cardiovascular diseasemeta‐analysissodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitiontype 2 diabetes mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Clare Arnott Qiang Li Amy Kang Brendon L. Neuen Severine Bompoint Carolyn S. P. Lam Anthony Rodgers Kenneth W. Mahaffey Christopher P. Cannon Vlado Perkovic Meg J. Jardine Bruce Neal Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease cardiovascular disease meta‐analysis sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title | Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis |
| title_full | Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis |
| title_short | Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis |
| title_sort | sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | cardiovascular disease meta‐analysis sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.014908 |
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