Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma
The versatility of sol–gel systems makes them ideal for functional coatings in industry. However, existing coatings are either too thin or take too long to cure. To address these issues, this paper proposes using an atmospheric pressure plasma source to fully cure and functionalize thicker sol–gel c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Gels |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/9/675 |
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| author | Simon Chwatal Sabine Pölzl Clemens Kittinger Jürgen Markus Lackner Anna Maria Coclite Wolfgang Waldhauser |
| author_facet | Simon Chwatal Sabine Pölzl Clemens Kittinger Jürgen Markus Lackner Anna Maria Coclite Wolfgang Waldhauser |
| author_sort | Simon Chwatal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The versatility of sol–gel systems makes them ideal for functional coatings in industry. However, existing coatings are either too thin or take too long to cure. To address these issues, this paper proposes using an atmospheric pressure plasma source to fully cure and functionalize thicker sol–gel coatings in a single step. The study explores coating various substrates with sol–gel layers to make them scratch-resistant, antibacterial, and antiadhesive. Microparticles like copper, zinc, or copper flakes are added to achieve antibacterial effects. The sol–gel system can be sprayed on and quickly functionalized on the substrate. The study focuses on introducing and anchoring particles in the sol–gel layer to achieve an excellent antibacterial effect by changing the penetration depth. Overall, this method offers a more efficient and effective approach to sol–gel coatings for industrial applications. In order to achieve a layer thickness of more than 100 µm, the second part of the study proposes a multilayer system comprising 15 to 30 µm thick monolayers that can be modified by introducing fillers (such as TiO<sub>2</sub>) or scratch-resistant chemicals like titanium isopropoxide. This system also allows for individual plasma functionalization of each sol–gel layer. For instance, the top layer can be introduced with antibacterial particles, while another layer can be enhanced with fillers to increase wear resistance. The study reveals the varying antibacterial effects of spherical particles versus flat flakes and the different scratch hardnesses induced by changes in pH, number of layers, and particle introduction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:44:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fc1c9de0d3a4572809eec80804dadd9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:44:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fc1c9de0d3a4572809eec80804dadd92023-11-19T10:50:14ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612023-08-019967510.3390/gels9090675Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure PlasmaSimon Chwatal0Sabine Pölzl1Clemens Kittinger2Jürgen Markus Lackner3Anna Maria Coclite4Wolfgang Waldhauser5Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, MATERIALS-Institut für Oberflächentechnologien und Photonik, Leobner Strasse 94a, 8712 Niklasdorf, AustriaDiagnostic & Research Institute for Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/III, 8010 Graz, AustriaDiagnostic & Research Institute for Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/III, 8010 Graz, AustriaJoanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, MATERIALS-Institut für Oberflächentechnologien und Photonik, Leobner Strasse 94a, 8712 Niklasdorf, AustriaInstitute for Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16/III, 8010 Graz, AustriaJoanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, MATERIALS-Institut für Oberflächentechnologien und Photonik, Leobner Strasse 94a, 8712 Niklasdorf, AustriaThe versatility of sol–gel systems makes them ideal for functional coatings in industry. However, existing coatings are either too thin or take too long to cure. To address these issues, this paper proposes using an atmospheric pressure plasma source to fully cure and functionalize thicker sol–gel coatings in a single step. The study explores coating various substrates with sol–gel layers to make them scratch-resistant, antibacterial, and antiadhesive. Microparticles like copper, zinc, or copper flakes are added to achieve antibacterial effects. The sol–gel system can be sprayed on and quickly functionalized on the substrate. The study focuses on introducing and anchoring particles in the sol–gel layer to achieve an excellent antibacterial effect by changing the penetration depth. Overall, this method offers a more efficient and effective approach to sol–gel coatings for industrial applications. In order to achieve a layer thickness of more than 100 µm, the second part of the study proposes a multilayer system comprising 15 to 30 µm thick monolayers that can be modified by introducing fillers (such as TiO<sub>2</sub>) or scratch-resistant chemicals like titanium isopropoxide. This system also allows for individual plasma functionalization of each sol–gel layer. For instance, the top layer can be introduced with antibacterial particles, while another layer can be enhanced with fillers to increase wear resistance. The study reveals the varying antibacterial effects of spherical particles versus flat flakes and the different scratch hardnesses induced by changes in pH, number of layers, and particle introduction.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/9/675sol–gel coatingsatmospheric pressure plasmasurface functionalizationmultilayer coatingantibacterialscratch resistance |
| spellingShingle | Simon Chwatal Sabine Pölzl Clemens Kittinger Jürgen Markus Lackner Anna Maria Coclite Wolfgang Waldhauser Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Gels sol–gel coatings atmospheric pressure plasma surface functionalization multilayer coating antibacterial scratch resistance |
| title | Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma |
| title_full | Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma |
| title_fullStr | Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma |
| title_short | Single- and Multilayer Build-Up of an Antibacterial Temperature- and UV-Curing Sol–Gel System with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma |
| title_sort | single and multilayer build up of an antibacterial temperature and uv curing sol gel system with atmospheric pressure plasma |
| topic | sol–gel coatings atmospheric pressure plasma surface functionalization multilayer coating antibacterial scratch resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/9/675 |
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