A Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation?
The induction of “bystander effects” i.e. effects in cells which have not received an ionizing radiation track, is now accepted but the mechanisms are not completely clear. Bystander effects following high and low LET radiation exposure are accepted but mechanisms are still not understood. There is...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2007-07-01
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| Series: | Dose-Response |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.06-011.Mothersill |
| _version_ | 1811299328820510720 |
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| author | C. Mothersill PhD G. Moran PhD F. McNeill PhD M.D. Gow BSc J. Denbeigh W. Prestwich PhD C.B. Seymour PhD |
| author_facet | C. Mothersill PhD G. Moran PhD F. McNeill PhD M.D. Gow BSc J. Denbeigh W. Prestwich PhD C.B. Seymour PhD |
| author_sort | C. Mothersill PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The induction of “bystander effects” i.e. effects in cells which have not received an ionizing radiation track, is now accepted but the mechanisms are not completely clear. Bystander effects following high and low LET radiation exposure are accepted but mechanisms are still not understood. There is some evidence for a physical component to the signal. This paper tests the hypothesis that bioelectric or biomagnetic phenomena are involved. Human immortalized skin keratinocytes and primary explants of mouse bladder and fish skin, were exposed directly to ionizing radiation or treated in a variety of bystander protocols. Exposure of cells was conducted by shielding one group of flasks using lead, to reduce the dose below the threshold of 2mGy 60 Cobalt gamma rays established for the bystander effect. The endpoint for the bystander effect in the reporter system used was reduction in cloning efficiency (RCE). The magnitude of the RCE was similar in shielded and unshielded flasks. When cells were placed in a Faraday cage the magnitude of the RCE was less but not eliminated. The results suggest that liquid media or cell-cell contact transmission of bystander factors may be only part of the bystander mechanism. Bioelectric or bio magnetic fields may have a role to play. To test this further, cells were placed in a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine for 10min using a typical head scan protocol. This treatment also induced a bystander response. Apart from the obvious clinical relevance, the MRI results further suggest that bystander effects may be produced by non-ionizing exposures. It is concluded that bioelectric or magnetic effects may be involved in producing bystander signaling cascades commonly seen following ionizing radiation exposure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:34:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fc79afe3f0a421e97ec328037b5c824 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1559-3258 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:34:30Z |
| publishDate | 2007-07-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dose-Response |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fc79afe3f0a421e97ec328037b5c8242022-12-22T02:57:59ZengSAGE PublishingDose-Response1559-32582007-07-01510.2203/dose-response.06-011.MothersillA Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation?C. Mothersill PhDG. Moran PhDF. McNeill PhDM.D. Gow BScJ. DenbeighW. Prestwich PhDC.B. Seymour PhDThe induction of “bystander effects” i.e. effects in cells which have not received an ionizing radiation track, is now accepted but the mechanisms are not completely clear. Bystander effects following high and low LET radiation exposure are accepted but mechanisms are still not understood. There is some evidence for a physical component to the signal. This paper tests the hypothesis that bioelectric or biomagnetic phenomena are involved. Human immortalized skin keratinocytes and primary explants of mouse bladder and fish skin, were exposed directly to ionizing radiation or treated in a variety of bystander protocols. Exposure of cells was conducted by shielding one group of flasks using lead, to reduce the dose below the threshold of 2mGy 60 Cobalt gamma rays established for the bystander effect. The endpoint for the bystander effect in the reporter system used was reduction in cloning efficiency (RCE). The magnitude of the RCE was similar in shielded and unshielded flasks. When cells were placed in a Faraday cage the magnitude of the RCE was less but not eliminated. The results suggest that liquid media or cell-cell contact transmission of bystander factors may be only part of the bystander mechanism. Bioelectric or bio magnetic fields may have a role to play. To test this further, cells were placed in a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine for 10min using a typical head scan protocol. This treatment also induced a bystander response. Apart from the obvious clinical relevance, the MRI results further suggest that bystander effects may be produced by non-ionizing exposures. It is concluded that bioelectric or magnetic effects may be involved in producing bystander signaling cascades commonly seen following ionizing radiation exposure.https://doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.06-011.Mothersill |
| spellingShingle | C. Mothersill PhD G. Moran PhD F. McNeill PhD M.D. Gow BSc J. Denbeigh W. Prestwich PhD C.B. Seymour PhD A Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation? Dose-Response |
| title | A Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation? |
| title_full | A Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation? |
| title_fullStr | A Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation? |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation? |
| title_short | A Role for Bioelectric Effects in the Induction of Bystander Signals by Ionizing Radiation? |
| title_sort | role for bioelectric effects in the induction of bystander signals by ionizing radiation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.06-011.Mothersill |
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