Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern Brazil
Gunnera (Gunneraceae) forms a complex association with the cyanobacterium Nostoc puctiforme L. Gunnera-Nostoc symbiosis is the only one reported involving a flowering plant, and results in the formation of the neurotoxic amino acid β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). The species Gunnera manicata L., f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universidade de São Paulo
2011-09-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000300021&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1818340227672965120 |
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| author | Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti Fabiano Barreto Gabriela Cristina Schmitt Ivomar Zancanaro Eliane Dallegrave Rodrigo Bustos Singer Mirna Bainy Leal Renata Pereira Limberger |
| author_facet | Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti Fabiano Barreto Gabriela Cristina Schmitt Ivomar Zancanaro Eliane Dallegrave Rodrigo Bustos Singer Mirna Bainy Leal Renata Pereira Limberger |
| author_sort | Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gunnera (Gunneraceae) forms a complex association with the cyanobacterium Nostoc puctiforme L. Gunnera-Nostoc symbiosis is the only one reported involving a flowering plant, and results in the formation of the neurotoxic amino acid β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). The species Gunnera manicata L., for which phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies are lacking, is found in Southern Brazil. Therefore, acute toxicity and the presence of neurotoxic amino acid were investigated in aqueous extracts of G. manicata. The acute toxicity test was conducted by administering aqueous root extract of G. manicata at a concentration of 2000 mg/kg in a single dose orally to Wistar rats. Lethality was monitored daily for 14 days after treatment. The relative mass of organs was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and macroscopic changes were investigated. The analysis of BMAA, a procedure performed by GC/MS, involved a preliminary derivatization step. The ESI-MS/MS analysis was done by direct infusion. The present study demonstrated absence of neurotoxin in the samples of G. manicata analyzed and absence of acute toxicity in aqueous root extracts. These data confirm that extracts from the roots of G. manicata have a high margin of drug safety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:39:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fcf051dc715437787a2ba7daa39292b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2175-9790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:39:33Z |
| publishDate | 2011-09-01 |
| publisher | Universidade de São Paulo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fcf051dc715437787a2ba7daa39292b2022-12-21T23:39:52ZengUniversidade de São PauloBrazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2175-97902011-09-01473623628Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern BrazilKristiane de Cássia Mariotti0Fabiano Barreto1Gabriela Cristina Schmitt2Ivomar Zancanaro3Eliane DallegraveRodrigo Bustos SingerMirna Bainy LealRenata Pereira LimbergerFederal University of Rio Grande do Sul Toxicology LaboratoryNational Agricultural Laboratory of Rio Grande do SulFederal University of Rio Grande do Sul Toxicology LaboratoryFederal University of Rio Grande do Sul Toxicology LaboratoryGunnera (Gunneraceae) forms a complex association with the cyanobacterium Nostoc puctiforme L. Gunnera-Nostoc symbiosis is the only one reported involving a flowering plant, and results in the formation of the neurotoxic amino acid β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). The species Gunnera manicata L., for which phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies are lacking, is found in Southern Brazil. Therefore, acute toxicity and the presence of neurotoxic amino acid were investigated in aqueous extracts of G. manicata. The acute toxicity test was conducted by administering aqueous root extract of G. manicata at a concentration of 2000 mg/kg in a single dose orally to Wistar rats. Lethality was monitored daily for 14 days after treatment. The relative mass of organs was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and macroscopic changes were investigated. The analysis of BMAA, a procedure performed by GC/MS, involved a preliminary derivatization step. The ESI-MS/MS analysis was done by direct infusion. The present study demonstrated absence of neurotoxin in the samples of G. manicata analyzed and absence of acute toxicity in aqueous root extracts. These data confirm that extracts from the roots of G. manicata have a high margin of drug safety.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000300021&tlng=enGunnera manicata L/toxicityβ-N-methylamino-L-alanineNeurotoxinsAcute toxicity |
| spellingShingle | Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti Fabiano Barreto Gabriela Cristina Schmitt Ivomar Zancanaro Eliane Dallegrave Rodrigo Bustos Singer Mirna Bainy Leal Renata Pereira Limberger Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern Brazil Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Gunnera manicata L /toxicity β-N-methylamino-L-alanine Neurotoxins Acute toxicity |
| title | Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern Brazil |
| title_full | Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern Brazil |
| title_short | Study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the Gunnera manicata L. a species native to Southern Brazil |
| title_sort | study of acute toxicity and investigation of the presence of β n methylamino l alanine in the gunnera manicata l a species native to southern brazil |
| topic | Gunnera manicata L /toxicity β-N-methylamino-L-alanine Neurotoxins Acute toxicity |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000300021&tlng=en |
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