Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Integrands
In this study, porous manganese oxide (MnOx) thin films were synthesized via electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) and evaluated as pseudocapacitive electrode materials in neutral aqueous media. Very interestingly, the gravimetric specific capacitance of the ESD-based electrodes underwent a marked en...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2017-07-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/7/8/198 |
| _version_ | 1818932928611090432 |
|---|---|
| author | Richa Agrawal Ebenezer Adelowo Amin Rabiei Baboukani Michael Franc Villegas Alexandra Henriques Chunlei Wang |
| author_facet | Richa Agrawal Ebenezer Adelowo Amin Rabiei Baboukani Michael Franc Villegas Alexandra Henriques Chunlei Wang |
| author_sort | Richa Agrawal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, porous manganese oxide (MnOx) thin films were synthesized via electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) and evaluated as pseudocapacitive electrode materials in neutral aqueous media. Very interestingly, the gravimetric specific capacitance of the ESD-based electrodes underwent a marked enhancement upon electrochemical cycling, from 72 F∙g−1 to 225 F∙g−1, with a concomitant improvement in kinetics and conductivity. The change in capacitance and resistivity is attributed to a partial electrochemical phase transformation from the spinel-type hausmannite Mn3O4 to the conducting layered birnessite MnO2. Furthermore, the films were able to retain 88.4% of the maximal capacitance after 1000 cycles. Upon verifying the viability of the manganese oxide films for pseudocapacitive applications, the thin films were integrated onto carbon micro-pillars created via carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) for examining their application as potential microelectrode candidates. In a symmetric two-electrode cell setup, the MnOx/C-MEMS microelectrodes were able to deliver specific capacitances as high as 0.055 F∙cm−2 and stack capacitances as high as 7.4 F·cm−3, with maximal stack energy and power densities of 0.51 mWh·cm−3 and 28.3 mW·cm−3, respectively. The excellent areal capacitance of the MnOx-MEs is attributed to the pseudocapacitive MnOx as well as the three-dimensional architectural framework provided by the carbon micro-pillars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:40:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fd1b2869b494cd6ac18bad6284e291c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:40:17Z |
| publishDate | 2017-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fd1b2869b494cd6ac18bad6284e291c2022-12-21T19:53:09ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912017-07-017819810.3390/nano7080198nano7080198Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode IntegrandsRicha Agrawal0Ebenezer Adelowo1Amin Rabiei Baboukani2Michael Franc Villegas3Alexandra Henriques4Chunlei Wang5Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USADepartment of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USADepartment of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USADepartment of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USADepartment of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USADepartment of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USAIn this study, porous manganese oxide (MnOx) thin films were synthesized via electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) and evaluated as pseudocapacitive electrode materials in neutral aqueous media. Very interestingly, the gravimetric specific capacitance of the ESD-based electrodes underwent a marked enhancement upon electrochemical cycling, from 72 F∙g−1 to 225 F∙g−1, with a concomitant improvement in kinetics and conductivity. The change in capacitance and resistivity is attributed to a partial electrochemical phase transformation from the spinel-type hausmannite Mn3O4 to the conducting layered birnessite MnO2. Furthermore, the films were able to retain 88.4% of the maximal capacitance after 1000 cycles. Upon verifying the viability of the manganese oxide films for pseudocapacitive applications, the thin films were integrated onto carbon micro-pillars created via carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) for examining their application as potential microelectrode candidates. In a symmetric two-electrode cell setup, the MnOx/C-MEMS microelectrodes were able to deliver specific capacitances as high as 0.055 F∙cm−2 and stack capacitances as high as 7.4 F·cm−3, with maximal stack energy and power densities of 0.51 mWh·cm−3 and 28.3 mW·cm−3, respectively. The excellent areal capacitance of the MnOx-MEs is attributed to the pseudocapacitive MnOx as well as the three-dimensional architectural framework provided by the carbon micro-pillars.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/7/8/198pseudocapacitorshausmannite Mn3O4birnessite MnO2electrostatic spray depositionelectrochemical activationcarbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS)microsupercapacitors |
| spellingShingle | Richa Agrawal Ebenezer Adelowo Amin Rabiei Baboukani Michael Franc Villegas Alexandra Henriques Chunlei Wang Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Integrands Nanomaterials pseudocapacitors hausmannite Mn3O4 birnessite MnO2 electrostatic spray deposition electrochemical activation carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) microsupercapacitors |
| title | Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Integrands |
| title_full | Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Integrands |
| title_fullStr | Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Integrands |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Integrands |
| title_short | Electrostatic Spray Deposition-Based Manganese Oxide Films—From Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Materials to Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Integrands |
| title_sort | electrostatic spray deposition based manganese oxide films from pseudocapacitive charge storage materials to three dimensional microelectrode integrands |
| topic | pseudocapacitors hausmannite Mn3O4 birnessite MnO2 electrostatic spray deposition electrochemical activation carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) microsupercapacitors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/7/8/198 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT richaagrawal electrostaticspraydepositionbasedmanganeseoxidefilmsfrompseudocapacitivechargestoragematerialstothreedimensionalmicroelectrodeintegrands AT ebenezeradelowo electrostaticspraydepositionbasedmanganeseoxidefilmsfrompseudocapacitivechargestoragematerialstothreedimensionalmicroelectrodeintegrands AT aminrabieibaboukani electrostaticspraydepositionbasedmanganeseoxidefilmsfrompseudocapacitivechargestoragematerialstothreedimensionalmicroelectrodeintegrands AT michaelfrancvillegas electrostaticspraydepositionbasedmanganeseoxidefilmsfrompseudocapacitivechargestoragematerialstothreedimensionalmicroelectrodeintegrands AT alexandrahenriques electrostaticspraydepositionbasedmanganeseoxidefilmsfrompseudocapacitivechargestoragematerialstothreedimensionalmicroelectrodeintegrands AT chunleiwang electrostaticspraydepositionbasedmanganeseoxidefilmsfrompseudocapacitivechargestoragematerialstothreedimensionalmicroelectrodeintegrands |